de Moraes Augusto César Ferreira, Lacerda Maria Beatriz, Moreno Luis A, Horta Bernardo L, Carvalho Heráclito Barbosa
From the School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMUSP)-Department of Preventive Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (ACFdeM, MBL, HBC); YCARE (Youth/Child and cARdiovascular Risk and Environmental) Research Group, FMUSP/Brazil (ACFdeM, MBL, HBC); Faculty of Health of the University of Zaragoza, GENUD-Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development, Zaragoza, Spain (ACFdeM, LAM); Visiting Professor, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo-Department of Preventive Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (LAM); and School of Medicine of the Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil (BLH).
Medicine (Baltimore). 2014 Dec;93(27):e232. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000232.
Several studies have reported high prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents. To perform: i) systematically review the literature on the prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) in adolescents; ii) analyze the possible methodological factors associated with HBP; and iii) compare the prevalence between developed and developing countries. We revised 10 electronic databases up to August 11, 2013. Only original articles using international diagnosis of HBP were considered. The pooled prevalence's of HBP were estimated by random effects. Meta-regression analysis was used to identify the sources of heterogeneity across studies. Fifty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and total of 122,053 adolescents included. The pooled-prevalence of HBP was 11.2%, 13% for boys, and 9.6% for girls (P < 0.01). Method of measurement of BP and year in which the survey was conducted were associated with heterogeneity in the estimates of HBP among boys. The data indicate that HBP is higher among boys than girls, and that the method of measurement plays an important role in the overall heterogeneity of HBP value distributions, particularly in boys.
多项研究报告称青少年心血管疾病风险因素的患病率很高。目的：i）系统回顾关于青少年高血压（HBP）患病率的文献；ii）分析与HBP相关的可能方法学因素；iii）比较发达国家和发展中国家的患病率。我们检索了截至2013年8月11日的10个电子数据库。仅纳入使用国际高血压诊断标准的原创文章。通过随机效应估计HBP的合并患病率。采用Meta回归分析确定各研究间异质性的来源。55项研究符合纳入标准，共纳入122,053名青少年。HBP的合并患病率为11.2%，男孩为13%，女孩为9.6%（P<0.01）。血压测量方法和调查年份与男孩中HBP估计值的异质性有关。数据表明男孩中的HBP高于女孩，且测量方法在HBP值分布的总体异质性中起重要作用，尤其是在男孩中。
