Vishniakov I E, Borkhsenius S N
Mikrobiologiia. 2013 Nov-Dec;82(6):643-59.
Mycoplasmas (class Mollicutes) are the most simply organized prokaryotic organisms capable to self-reproduction. They are considered as a model of "minimal" cell. Systems preserved by mycoplasmas in their reductive evolution may play a fundamental role in viability of any cell. Information on the genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSP) in completely sequenced mycoplasma genomes was summarized and systematized. An attempt was made to explain the presence or absence in mycoplasmas of important bacterial chaperones and proteases. These HSP are necessary not only for cell stress resistance, but for protein homeostasis under normal conditions. The mechanisms of regulation of transcription of corresponding genes are considered. Properties and functions of the most completely characterized mycoplasmal HSP are discussed: DnaK, DnaJ-like, GroEL/GroES, ClpB, and small heat shock proteins (sHSP).
支原体（柔膜菌纲）是结构最简单的能够自我繁殖的原核生物。它们被视为“最小”细胞的模型。支原体在其简化进化过程中保留的系统可能对任何细胞的生存能力起着至关重要的作用。对已完成全基因组测序的支原体基因组中编码热休克蛋白（HSP）的基因信息进行了总结和系统化整理。试图解释支原体中重要细菌伴侣蛋白和蛋白酶的存在与否。这些热休克蛋白不仅对细胞抗应激能力至关重要，而且在正常条件下对蛋白质稳态也很重要。还探讨了相应基因转录的调控机制。讨论了特征最完整的支原体热休克蛋白的特性和功能：DnaK、类DnaJ、GroEL/GroES、ClpB和小热休克蛋白（sHSP）。
