Ganovska A, Kovachev S, Nikolov A
Akush Ginekol (Sofiia). 2014;53(4):32-9.
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic skin disease of the vulva which affects mostly women in the postmenopausal period. The disease affects also men and children. Its frequency is from 1/70 up to 1/1000, whereas for women it is 10 times more frequently. The disease has unknown etiology. Due to the high frequency of accompanying, autoimmune diseases, it is presumed that this disease is a result of immunological processes. Some of patients diagnosed with LS have vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, while 0.3% - 4.9% of them have squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this review is to summarize our knowledge regarding the frequency, clinical features, diagnosis and therapy of LS in view of the prevention of the complications that may occur.
We researched the available literature and Medline on the topic for the period of 1971 until 2014 year. We summarized the most interesting, contemporary and scientifically substantiated facts regarding this disease.
Early diagnosis, the proper and timely treatment, as well as the continuous follow up the patients with LS is mandatory due to the fact that the spontaneous remission is extremely rare and the complications may lead to significant deterioration of the quality of life.
硬化性苔藓（LS）是一种慢性外阴皮肤病，主要影响绝经后女性。该疾病也会影响男性和儿童。其发病率为1/70至1/1000，而女性的发病率则高出10倍。病因不明。由于常伴有自身免疫性疾病，推测该病是免疫过程的结果。一些诊断为LS的患者患有外阴上皮内瘤变，其中0.3% - 4.9%患有鳞状细胞癌。本综述的目的是总结我们对LS的发病率、临床特征、诊断和治疗的认识，以预防可能出现的并发症。
我们研究了1971年至2014年期间关于该主题的现有文献和医学在线数据库。我们总结了关于这种疾病最有趣、当代和科学证实的事实。
由于自发缓解极为罕见且并发症可能导致生活质量显著下降，因此对LS患者进行早期诊断、适当及时的治疗以及持续随访是必不可少的。
