Chu Paula, Gotink Rinske A, Yeh Gloria Y, Goldie Sue J, Hunink M G Myriam
Department of Health Policy, Harvard University, MA, USA Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard School of Public Health, MA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands.
Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2016 Feb;23(3):291-307. doi: 10.1177/2047487314562741. Epub 2014 Dec 15.
Yoga, a popular mind-body practice, may produce changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome risk factors.
This was a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were performed for systematic reviews and RCTs through December 2013. Studies were included if they were English, peer-reviewed, focused on asana-based yoga in adults, and reported relevant outcomes. Two reviewers independently selected articles and assessed quality using Cochrane's Risk of Bias tool.
Out of 1404 records, 37 RCTs were included in the systematic review and 32 in the meta-analysis. Compared to non-exercise controls, yoga showed significant improvement for body mass index (-0.77 kg/m(2) (95% confidence interval -1.09 to -0.44)), systolic blood pressure (-5.21 mmHg (-8.01 to -2.42)), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-12.14 mg/dl (-21.80 to -2.48)), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (3.20 mg/dl (1.86 to 4.54)). Significant changes were seen in body weight (-2.32 kg (-4.33 to -0.37)), diastolic blood pressure (-4.98 mmHg (-7.17 to -2.80)), total cholesterol (-18.48 mg/dl (-29.16 to -7.80)), triglycerides (-25.89 mg/dl (-36.19 to -15.60), and heart rate (-5.27 beats/min (-9.55 to -1.00)), but not fasting blood glucose (-5.91 mg/dl (-16.32 to 4.50)) nor glycosylated hemoglobin (-0.06% Hb (-0.24 to 0.11)). No significant difference was found between yoga and exercise. One study found an impact on smoking abstinence.
There is promising evidence of yoga on improving cardio-metabolic health. Findings are limited by small trial sample sizes, heterogeneity, and moderate quality of RCTs.
瑜伽作为一种广受欢迎的身心锻炼方式，可能会使心血管疾病（CVD）和代谢综合征的风险因素发生变化。
这是一项对随机对照试验（RCT）的系统评价和随机效应荟萃分析。
通过对MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL、PsycINFO和Cochrane对照试验中央注册库进行电子检索，以查找截至2013年12月的系统评价和随机对照试验。纳入的研究需为英文、经过同行评审、聚焦于成人的体式瑜伽且报告了相关结果。两名评审员独立筛选文章，并使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具评估质量。
在1404条记录中，37项随机对照试验被纳入系统评价，32项被纳入荟萃分析。与非运动对照组相比，瑜伽在体重指数（-0.77kg/m²（95%置信区间-1.09至-0.44））、收缩压（-5.21mmHg（-8.01至-2.42））、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（-12.14mg/dl（-21.80至-2.48））和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（3.20mg/dl（1.86至4.54））方面显示出显著改善。体重（-2.32kg（-4.33至-0.37））、舒张压（-4.98mmHg（-7.17至-2.80））、总胆固醇（-18.48mg/dl（-29.16至-7.80））、甘油三酯（-25.89mg/dl（-36.19至-15.60））和心率（-5.27次/分钟（-9.55至-1.00））也有显著变化，但空腹血糖（-5.91mg/dl（-16.32至4.50））和糖化血红蛋白（-0.06%Hb（-0.24至0.11））没有显著变化。瑜伽与运动之间未发现显著差异。一项研究发现对戒烟有影响。
有证据表明瑜伽对改善心脏代谢健康有前景。研究结果受到试验样本量小、异质性以及随机对照试验质量中等的限制。
