Valencia Ignacio
Section of Neurology, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA..
Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2014 Sep;21(3):226-31. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2014.07.001. Epub 2014 Jul 31.
Autoimmunity and inflammation have been implicated as causative factors of seizures and epilepsy. Autoimmune disorders can affect the central nervous system as an isolated syndrome or be part of a systemic disease. Examples of systemic autoimmune disorders include systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, rheumatic arthritis, and Sjögren syndrome. Overall, there is a 5-fold increased risk of seizures and epilepsy in children with systemic autoimmune disorders. Various etiologic factors have been implicated in causing the seizures in these patients, including direct inflammation, effect on blood vessels (vasculitis), and production of autoantibodies. Potential treatments for this autoimmune injury include steroids, immunoglobulins, and other immune-modulatory therapies. A better understanding of the mechanisms of epileptogenesis in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases could lead to targeted treatments and better outcomes.
自身免疫和炎症被认为是癫痫发作和癫痫的致病因素。自身免疫性疾病可作为一种孤立的综合征影响中枢神经系统，或成为全身性疾病的一部分。全身性自身免疫性疾病的例子包括系统性红斑狼疮、抗磷脂综合征、风湿性关节炎和干燥综合征。总体而言，患有全身性自身免疫性疾病的儿童癫痫发作和患癫痫的风险增加了5倍。多种病因被认为与这些患者的癫痫发作有关，包括直接炎症、对血管的影响（血管炎）以及自身抗体的产生。针对这种自身免疫损伤的潜在治疗方法包括类固醇、免疫球蛋白和其他免疫调节疗法。更好地了解全身性自身免疫性疾病患者的癫痫发生机制可能会带来针对性的治疗方法并取得更好的治疗效果。
