Palmer-Green Deborah S, Stokes Keith A, Fuller Colin W, England Michael, Kemp Simon P T, Trewartha Grant
Sport, Health, and Exercise Science, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK Orthopaedics, Trauma, and Sports Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Sport, Health, and Exercise Science, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Am J Sports Med. 2015 Feb;43(2):475-81. doi: 10.1177/0363546514560337. Epub 2014 Dec 15.
All rugby training activities carry an injury risk, but in the training environment these injury risks should be more controllable than during matches.
To (1) describe the incidence, severity, anatomic location, and type of youth rugby training injuries; (2) determine the injury events and type of training activities associated with injuries; and (3) compare 2 levels of play (professional academy vs school) within English youth rugby union.
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.
A 2-season (2006-2007 and 2007-2008) study recorded exposure to training activities and time-loss injuries in male youth rugby union players (age range, 16-18 years) from 12 English Premiership academies (250 player-seasons) and 7 schools (222 player-seasons). Players from the Premiership academies, associated with the top-level professional clubs in England, represented the elite level of youth rugby; the school players were from established rugby-playing schools but were overall considered at a lower level of play.
There was a trend for training injury incidence to be lower for the academy group (1.4/1000 player-hours; 95% CI, 1.0-1.7) compared with the school group (2.1/1000 player-hours; 95% CI, 1.4-2.9) (P = .06). Injuries to the ankle/heel and thigh were most common in academy players and injuries to the lumbar spine and ankle/heel region most common in school players. The training activities responsible for injury differed between the 2 groups: technical skills (scrummaging) for school players and contact skills (defense and ruck/maul drills) for academy players.
For injury risk management in youth rugby, coaches of school players should focus on the development of the correct technique during practice of technical skills such as scrummaging, weight training, and skills training, and coaches of academy players should consider the extent to which contact drills are necessary during training.
所有橄榄球训练活动都存在受伤风险，但在训练环境中，这些受伤风险应比比赛期间更可控。
（1）描述青少年橄榄球训练损伤的发生率、严重程度、解剖位置和类型；（2）确定与损伤相关的损伤事件和训练活动类型；（3）比较英格兰青少年橄榄球联盟中两个比赛水平（职业学院队与学校队）的情况。
队列研究；证据等级，2级。
一项为期两个赛季（2006 - 2007年和2007 - 2008年）的研究记录了来自12所英超学院（250个球员赛季）和7所学校（222个球员赛季）的男性青少年橄榄球联盟球员（年龄范围16 - 18岁）的训练活动暴露情况和导致失能的损伤。来自英超学院且与英格兰顶级职业俱乐部相关联的球员代表了青少年橄榄球的精英水平；学校球员来自有橄榄球传统的学校，但总体被认为比赛水平较低。
学院组的训练损伤发生率有低于学校组的趋势（学院组为1.4/1000球员小时；95%可信区间，1.0 - 1.7），而学校组为2.1/1000球员小时；95%可信区间，1.4 - 2.9）（P = 0.06）。学院球员中脚踝/足跟和大腿损伤最为常见，而学校球员中腰椎和脚踝/足跟区域损伤最为常见。两组导致损伤的训练活动有所不同：学校球员是技术技能（争球），而学院球员是对抗技能（防守和ruck/maul训练）。
对于青少年橄榄球的损伤风险管理，学校球员的教练应在争球、力量训练和技能训练等技术技能练习过程中注重正确技术的培养，而学院球员的教练应考虑训练中对抗训练的必要性。
