Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK.
Bupa Health Clinic, Belfast, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2017 Apr;51(7):600-606. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095491. Epub 2015 Dec 23.
To examine injury patterns in adolescent rugby players and determine factors associated with injury risk.
Prospective injury surveillance study.
N=28 Grammar Schools in Ulster, Ireland (2014-2015 playing season).
825 adolescent rugby players, across in 28 school first XV rugby squads; mean age 16.9 years.
Injuries were classified by body part and diagnosis, and injury incidence using injuries per 1000 match hours of exposure. HRs for injury were calculated through Cox proportional hazard regression after correction for influential covariates.
A total of n=426 injuries were reported across the playing season. Over 50% of injuries occurred in the tackle situation or during collisions (270/426), with few reported during set plays. The 3 most common injury sites were head/face (n=102, 23.9%), clavicle/shoulder (n=65, 15.3%) and the knee (n=56, 13.1%). Sprain (n=133, 31.2%), concussion (n=81, 19%) and muscle injury (n=65, 15.3%) were the most common diagnoses. Injury incidence is calculated at 29.06 injuries per 1000 match hours. There were no catastrophic injuries. A large percentage of injuries (208/424) resulted in absence from play for more than 28 days. Concussion carried the most significant time out from play (n=33; 15.9%), followed by dislocations of the shoulder (n=22; 10.6%), knee sprains (n=19, 9.1%), ankle sprains (n=14, 6.7%), hand/finger/thumb (n=11; 5.3%). 36.8% of participants in the study (304/825) suffered at least one injury during the playing season. Multivariate models found higher risk of injury (adjusted HR (AHR); 95% CI) with: higher age (AHR 1.45; 1.14 to 1.83), heavier weight (AHR 1.32; 1.04 to 1.69), playing representative rugby (AHR 1.42; 1.06 to 1.90) and undertaking regular strength training (AHR 1.65; 1.11 to 2.46). Playing for a lower ranked team (AHR 0.67; 0.49 to 0.90) and wearing a mouthguard (AHR 0.70; 0.54 to 0.92) were associated with lower risk of injury.
There was a high incidence of severe injuries, with concussion, ankle and knee ligament injuries and upper limb fractures/dislocations causing greatest time loss. Players were compliant with current graduated return-to-play regulations following concussion. Physical stature and levels of competition were important risk factors and there was limited evidence for protective equipment.
研究青少年橄榄球运动员的受伤模式，并确定与受伤风险相关的因素。
前瞻性伤病情报研究。
北爱尔兰的 28 所文法学校（2014-2015 赛季）。
28 个校队的 825 名青少年橄榄球运动员；平均年龄 16.9 岁。
根据身体部位和诊断对受伤情况进行分类，并通过每 1000 小时比赛暴露的受伤率计算受伤发生率。在对有影响的协变量进行校正后，通过 Cox 比例风险回归计算受伤的 HR。
整个赛季共报告了 426 例受伤。50%以上的受伤发生在擒抱情况下或碰撞中（270/426），很少有在固定比赛中发生的。最常见的受伤部位是头部/面部（n=102，23.9%）、锁骨/肩部（n=65，15.3%）和膝盖（n=56，13.1%）。扭伤（n=133，31.2%）、脑震荡（n=81，19%）和肌肉损伤（n=65，15.3%）是最常见的诊断。受伤发生率为每 1000 小时比赛 29.06 次。没有发生灾难性的伤害。大部分（208/424）受伤导致缺席比赛超过 28 天。脑震荡导致的停赛时间最长（n=33；15.9%），其次是肩部脱位（n=22；10.6%）、膝盖扭伤（n=19，9.1%）、脚踝扭伤（n=14，6.7%）、手/手指/拇指（n=11；5.3%）。研究中 36.8%的参与者（304/825）在比赛季节至少受过一次伤。多变量模型发现受伤风险较高（调整后的 HR（AHR）；95%CI）：年龄较大（AHR 1.45；1.14 至 1.83）、体重较重（AHR 1.32；1.04 至 1.69）、代表橄榄球比赛（AHR 1.42；1.06 至 1.90）和定期进行力量训练（AHR 1.65；1.11 至 2.46）。排名较低的球队（AHR 0.67；0.49 至 0.90）和佩戴牙套（AHR 0.70；0.54 至 0.92）与受伤风险较低相关。
受伤发生率高，严重受伤包括脑震荡、踝关节和膝关节韧带损伤以及上肢骨折/脱位，导致最长的停赛时间。球员在脑震荡后遵守现行分级复出比赛规定。身体形态和比赛水平是重要的风险因素，而保护设备的证据有限。
