El Mamy Ahmed B, Lo Modou M, Thiongane Yaya, Diop Mariame, Isselmou Katia, Doumbia Baba, Baba Mohammed Ould, El Arbi Ahmed S, Lancelot Renaud, Kane Y, Albina Emmanuel, Cêtre-Sossah Catherine
1 Centre National d'Elevage et de Recherche Vétérinaire (CNERV) , Nouakchott, Mauritania .
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2014 Dec;14(12):856-61. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1605.
Rift valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by RVF virus (RVFV), a phlebovirus (Bunyaviridae). RVF is widespread in Sub-Saharan Africa. In September of 2010, an RVF outbreak occurred in northern Mauritania involving mass abortions in small ruminants and camels (Camelus dromedarius) and at least 63 human clinical cases, including 13 deaths. In camels, serological prevalence was 27.5-38.5% (95% confidence interval, n=279). For the first time, clinical signs other than abortions were reported in this species, including hemorrhagic septicemia and severe respiratory distress in animals. We assessed the presence of RVFV in camel sera sampled during this outbreak and generated whole-genome sequences of RVFV to determine the possible origin of this RVFV strain. Phylogenetic analyses suggested a shared ancestor between the Mauritania 2010 strain and strains from Zimbabwe (2269, 763, and 2373), Kenya (155_57 and 56IB8), South Africa (Kakamas, SA75 and SA51VanWyck), Uganda (Entebbe), and other strains linked to the 1987 outbreak of RVF in Mauritania (OS1, OS3, OS8, and OS9).
裂谷热（RVF）是一种由裂谷热病毒（RVFV，属于白蛉病毒属，布尼亚病毒科）引起的、通过蚊子传播的家养和野生反刍动物疾病。裂谷热在撒哈拉以南非洲地区广泛传播。2010年9月，毛里塔尼亚北部发生了裂谷热疫情，导致小型反刍动物和骆驼（单峰驼）大量流产，并出现了至少63例人类临床病例，其中13人死亡。在骆驼中，血清学阳性率为27.5%-38.5%（95%置信区间，n = 279）。首次在该物种中报告了除流产以外的临床症状，包括动物的出血性败血症和严重呼吸窘迫。我们评估了此次疫情期间采集的骆驼血清中RVFV的存在情况，并生成了RVFV的全基因组序列，以确定该RVFV毒株的可能来源。系统发育分析表明，2010年毛里塔尼亚毒株与来自津巴布韦（2269、763和2373）、肯尼亚（155_57和56IB8）、南非（卡卡马斯、SA75和SA51VanWyck）、乌干达（恩德培）的毒株以及与1987年毛里塔尼亚裂谷热疫情相关的其他毒株（OS1、OS3、OS8和OS9）之间有共同的祖先。
