Department of Anatomy, Mustafa Kemal University, Tayfur Ata Sokmen Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey.
Department of Anthropology, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
Med Sci Monit. 2014 Dec 13;20:2643-50. doi: 10.12659/MSM.892074.
The supratrochlear foramen (STF) is an important and relatively common anatomic variation in the lower end of the humerus in humans. Its structure has received increased attention in recent years. Anatomical knowledge of STF is useful for anatomists, anthropologists, orthopedic surgeons, and radiologists. This aperture is of great interest to anthropologists who claim it as one of the points in establishing a relationship between humans and lower animals. The goal of this study was to describe the features of STF of the humerus in the Turkish population.
All bones were obtained from the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Department of Antrophology, University of Mustafa Kemal, Hatay. A total of 166 dried humeri (83 right side and 83 left side), of which 78 belonged to males and 88 to females, were examined to determine the presence of supratrochlear foramen. Digital vernier calipers were used to measure the maximum width (transverse) and height (vertical) of the STF.
Out of 166 bones, the foramen was present in 18 humeri (4 right side and 14 left side), showing the incidence as 10.8% with unpaired humeri. We observed 4 types of shape: oval, round, triangular, and sieve-like. The average diameter of the long (transverse) axis was 5.93±1.68 mm and the short (vertical) axis was 4.06±0.89 mm. Some of the bones showed translucency of the bony septum, found in 17 (20.5%) on both sides of the humeri.
There are few studies about STF in the Turkish population. Knowledge of supratrochlear foramen in the distal humerus in humans is important in diagnostic orthopedics, in intramedullary nailing of the humerus, and in possibly increasing the risk of future low-energy fractures. In addition, STF is a radiolucent area in radiographs and may be misinterpreted as an osteolytic or cystic lesion.
滑车上孔（STF）是人类肱骨下端一个重要且相对常见的解剖变异。近年来，其结构受到了越来越多的关注。STF 的解剖知识对解剖学家、人类学家、矫形外科医生和放射科医生都很有用。这个孔对于声称它是人类与低等动物之间关系的一个依据的人类学家来说非常感兴趣。本研究的目的是描述土耳其人群肱骨 STF 的特征。
所有骨骼均来自于哈塔伊穆斯塔法·凯末尔大学医学院解剖学系和人类学系。共检查了 166 个干肱骨（83 个右侧和 83 个左侧），其中 78 个属于男性，88 个属于女性，以确定是否存在滑车上孔。使用数字游标卡尺测量 STF 的最大宽度（横向）和高度（垂直）。
在 166 块骨骼中，有 18 块骨骼（4 块右侧和 14 块左侧）存在孔，发生率为 10.8%，且均为单侧。我们观察到了 4 种形状：椭圆形、圆形、三角形和筛状。长（横向）轴的平均直径为 5.93±1.68mm，短（垂直）轴的平均直径为 4.06±0.89mm。一些骨骼的骨隔有半透明性，在肱骨的两侧都有 17 块（20.5%）出现这种情况。
在土耳其人群中，关于 STF 的研究很少。了解人类肱骨远端的滑车上孔在诊断矫形学、肱骨髓内钉固定以及可能增加未来低能量骨折风险方面很重要。此外，STF 在 X 光片上是一个透光区域，可能会被误诊为溶骨性或囊性病变。
