von Bonsdorff Monika E, Rantanen Taina, Törmäkangas Timo, Kulmala Jenni, Seitsamo Jorma, Nygård Clas-Håkan, Ilmarinen Juhani, von Bonsdorff Mikaela B
Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2015 Dec;37(4):707-15. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdu100. Epub 2014 Dec 15.
We examined prospectively the use of all-cause hospital in-patient care among public sector employees by using a 3-year pre- and post-retirement study window.
A total of 5269 participants of the Finnish Longitudinal Study of Municipal Employees had retired during January 1984 and July 2000. They had register-based data on retirement (non-disability retirement n = 3411, men 40%, and diagnose-specific disability retirement n = 1858, men 50%) and all-cause hospital in-patient admissions and discharges. Analyses were conducted using Generalized Estimating Equation model.
The prevalence of hospital care use for non-disability retirees remained stable during the 6-year study window. The rate ratio (RR) for hospital care use increased in the year prior to retirement for men and women who transitioned into disability retirement due to cardiovascular disease and for women with disability due to mental disease. The RRs for hospital care use in the post-retirement year decreased for men who retired due to cardiovascular disease or mental disorders and for women who retired due to cardiovascular or musculoskeletal diseases.
An increase in hospital care preceding retirement in major diagnosis-specific disability retirement groups was followed by various patterns of decrease in the need of care indicated a beneficial health effect of retirement.
我们通过使用退休前3年和退休后3年的研究窗口，前瞻性地研究了公共部门员工全因住院治疗的使用情况。
芬兰市政员工纵向研究的5269名参与者在1984年1月至2000年7月期间退休。他们有基于登记的退休数据（非残疾退休n = 3411，男性占40%，特定诊断残疾退休n = 1858，男性占50%）以及全因住院入院和出院数据。使用广义估计方程模型进行分析。
在6年的研究窗口期间，非残疾退休人员的住院治疗使用率保持稳定。因心血管疾病转为残疾退休的男性和女性以及因精神疾病致残的女性在退休前一年的住院治疗使用率的率比（RR）有所增加。因心血管疾病或精神障碍退休的男性以及因心血管或肌肉骨骼疾病退休的女性在退休后一年的住院治疗使用率的RR有所下降。
主要特定诊断残疾退休群体在退休前住院治疗增加，随后出现各种护理需求下降模式，这表明退休对健康有有益影响。
