von Bonsdorff Monika E, Rantanen Taina, Törmäkangas Timo, Kulmala Jenni, Hinrichs Timo, Seitsamo Jorma, Nygård Clas-Håkan, Ilmarinen Juhani, von Bonsdorff Mikaela B
Gerontology Research Center and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
BMC Public Health. 2016 Feb 16;16:154. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-2846-y.
Little is known about the wellbeing and mobility limitation of older disability retirees. Personal and environmental factors, such as time spent in working life, may either exacerbate or mitigate the onset of mobility limitation in general population. We aimed to study perceived midlife work ability as a determinant of self-reported mobility limitation in old age among municipal employees who transitioned into non-disability and disability retirement.
4329 participants of the Finnish Longitudinal Study of Municipal Employees (FLAME) had retired during January 1985 and July 2000. They had data on retirement, perceived work ability in 1985, and self-reported mobility limitation (non-disability retirement n = 2870, men 39%; and diagnose-specific disability retirement n = 1459, men 48%). Self-reported mobility was measured in 1985, 1992, 1997 and 2009. The latest score available was used to assess the number of mobility limitation. Work ability was measured by asking the respondents to evaluate their current work ability against their lifetime best in 1985. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for work ability predicting mobility limitation in non-disability and diagnose-specific disability retirement groups were calculated using Poisson regression models.
The prevalence of mobility limitation for those who transitioned into non-disability retirement (Incidence Rate, IR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.44-0.46) was lower compared to those who retired due to disability (IR = 0.65, CI = 0.63-0.66). A one-point increase in the work ability score decreased the risk for having one more mobility limitation among non-disability and all diagnose-specific retirement groups (musculoskeletal disease, cardiovascular disease, mental disorder, and other diseases).
Better midlife work ability may protect from old age mobility limitation among those who retire due to non-disability and disability. Promoting work ability in midlife may lead to more independent, active aging, regardless of type of retirement.
对于老年残疾退休人员的健康状况和行动受限情况，我们了解甚少。个人和环境因素，如工作生涯中所花费的时间，可能会加剧或减轻普通人群中行动受限情况的发生。我们旨在研究中年时所感知到的工作能力，作为已过渡到非残疾退休和残疾退休的市政雇员中，老年时自我报告的行动受限的一个决定因素。
芬兰市政雇员纵向研究（FLAME）的4329名参与者在1985年1月至2000年7月期间退休。他们有关于退休、1985年所感知到的工作能力以及自我报告的行动受限的数据（非残疾退休者n = 2870，男性占39%；特定诊断残疾退休者n = 1459，男性占48%）。在1985年、1992年、1997年和2009年测量自我报告的行动能力。使用可得的最新分数来评估行动受限的数量。通过要求受访者将其当前工作能力与1985年的终生最佳水平进行比较来测量工作能力。使用泊松回归模型计算非残疾和特定诊断残疾退休组中工作能力预测行动受限的发病率比（IRR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
与因残疾退休者（发病率，IR = 0.65，CI = 0.63 - 0.66）相比，过渡到非残疾退休者的行动受限患病率较低（IR = 0.45，95% CI = 0.44 - 0.46）。工作能力得分每增加一分，非残疾和所有特定诊断退休组（肌肉骨骼疾病、心血管疾病、精神障碍和其他疾病）中出现多一项行动受限的风险就降低。
更好的中年工作能力可能会使因非残疾和残疾而退休的人在老年时免受行动受限之苦。促进中年工作能力可能会带来更独立、积极的老年生活，而不论退休类型如何。
