Coratella Giuseppe, Bellin Giuseppe, Beato Marco, Schena Federico
a Department of Neurological and Movement Science , University of Verona , Verona , Italy.
J Sports Sci. 2015;33(12):1276-82. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2014.986185. Epub 2014 Dec 17.
Primary aim of this study was to investigate peak joint torque angle (i.e. the angle of peak torque) changes recorded during an isokinetic test before and after a fatiguing soccer match simulation. Secondarily we want to investigate functional Hecc:Qconc and conventional Hconc:Qconc ratio changes due to fatigue. Before and after a standardised soccer match simulation, twenty-two healthy male amateur soccer players performed maximal isokinetic strength tests both for hamstrings and for quadriceps muscles at 1.05 rad · s(‒1), 3.14 rad · s(‒1) and 5.24 rad · s(‒1). Peak joint torque angle, peak torque and both functional Hecc:Qconc and conventional Hconc:Qconc ratios were examined. Both dominant and non-dominant limbs were tested. Peak joint torque angle significantly increased only in knee flexors. Both eccentric and concentric contractions resulted in such increment, which occurred in both limbs. No changes were found in quadriceps peak joint torque angle. Participants experienced a significant decrease in torque both in hamstrings and in quadriceps. Functional Hecc:Qconc ratio was lower only in dominant limb at higher velocities, while Hconc:Qconc did not change. This study showed after specific fatiguing task changes in hamstrings only torque/angle relationship. Hamstrings injury risk could depend on altered torque when knee is close to extension, coupled with a greater peak torque decrement compared to quadriceps. These results suggest the use eccentric based training to prevent hamstrings shift towards shorter length.
本研究的主要目的是调查在模拟疲劳足球比赛前后进行等速测试时记录的峰值关节扭矩角度（即峰值扭矩角度）变化。其次，我们想研究由于疲劳导致的功能性Hecc:Qconc和传统Hconc:Qconc比值的变化。在标准化足球比赛模拟前后，22名健康男性业余足球运动员在1.05弧度·秒（-1）、3.14弧度·秒（-1）和5.24弧度·秒（-1）的速度下对腘绳肌和股四头肌进行了最大等速力量测试。检查了峰值关节扭矩角度、峰值扭矩以及功能性Hecc:Qconc和传统Hconc:Qconc比值。对优势侧和非优势侧肢体均进行了测试。仅在屈膝肌中峰值关节扭矩角度显著增加。离心收缩和向心收缩均导致了这种增加，且两侧肢体均出现这种情况。股四头肌峰值关节扭矩角度未发现变化。参与者的腘绳肌和股四头肌扭矩均显著下降。功能性Hecc:Qconc比值仅在优势侧肢体较高速度时较低，而Hconc:Qconc没有变化。本研究表明，在特定疲劳任务后，仅腘绳肌的扭矩/角度关系发生了变化。腘绳肌损伤风险可能取决于膝关节接近伸展时扭矩的改变，以及与股四头肌相比更大的峰值扭矩下降。这些结果表明可采用基于离心收缩的训练来防止腘绳肌向更短长度转变。
