Rasp Dominic Michael, Paternoster Florian Kurt, Zauser Michael, Kern Jan, Schwirtz Ansgar
Biomechanics in Sports, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
Human Movement Science, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 13;19(12):e0315317. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315317. eCollection 2024.
Hamstring strain injuries are a prevalent burden in soccer. Low strength, muscle fatigue, and inter-limb differences in hamstring strength are associated with hamstring injury risk. Previous research shows increased hamstring injury incidence in soccer at the end of each half or the end of the match, respectively. This study aims at evaluating the aforementioned risk factors of hamstring injury over the course of a simulated soccer match. Ten active soccer players carried out the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test, during which hamstring strength of both legs was assessed on seven occasions via the optimized 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test. Hamstring strength of each limb and inter-limb differences in hamstring strength over the course of the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test were parameters of interest. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to analyze the development of hamstring strength and limb-asymmetries in hamstring strength during the simulated soccer match. Compared to pre-match values, hamstring strength was significantly decreased after 15 and 30 minutes of simulated soccer match for the non-dominant and dominant leg, respectively. There were no further variations in hamstring strength within the simulated soccer match for either leg. We did neither measure significant recovery of hamstring strength to pre-match values at the beginning of the second half, as suspected by previous research, nor inter-limb differences, or a deterioration of limb asymmetries in hamstring strength during the simulated soccer match. Players who only participate for a short period in a soccer match may be exposed to the same risk of suffering hamstring injury like players who compete for a longer duration. Decreasing hamstring strength partly depicts the pattern of hamstring injury incidences during soccer matches. Additional factors may influence the increasing hamstring injury rate at the end of each half or the later stages of a match, respectively.
腘绳肌拉伤是足球运动中普遍存在的负担。力量不足、肌肉疲劳以及双侧腘绳肌力量差异与腘绳肌损伤风险相关。先前的研究表明，在足球比赛的每半场结束或比赛结束时，腘绳肌损伤发生率会增加。本研究旨在评估模拟足球比赛过程中上述腘绳肌损伤的风险因素。10名现役足球运动员进行了拉夫堡间歇性穿梭测试，在此期间，通过优化的90:20等长后链测试，在7个时间点评估了双腿的腘绳肌力量。拉夫堡间歇性穿梭测试过程中，每侧肢体的腘绳肌力量以及双侧腘绳肌力量差异是感兴趣的参数。采用重复测量方差分析来分析模拟足球比赛期间腘绳肌力量的变化以及腘绳肌力量的肢体不对称情况。与比赛前的值相比，模拟足球比赛15分钟和30分钟后，非优势腿和优势腿的腘绳肌力量分别显著下降。在模拟足球比赛中，双腿的腘绳肌力量均未出现进一步变化。正如先前研究所怀疑的那样，我们既没有测量到在下半场开始时腘绳肌力量显著恢复到比赛前的值，也没有测量到双侧腘绳肌力量差异或模拟足球比赛期间腘绳肌力量肢体不对称情况的恶化。只在足球比赛中短期参赛的球员可能面临与长时间参赛球员相同的腘绳肌损伤风险。腘绳肌力量下降部分反映了足球比赛期间腘绳肌损伤发生率的模式。其他因素可能分别影响每半场结束时或比赛后期腘绳肌损伤率的增加。
