Hochberg Ze'ev
Harefuah. 2014 Oct;153(10):586-90, 624.
Pubertal development is subject to substantial heritability, but much variation remains to be explained, including fast changes over the last 150 years, that cannot be explained by changes of gene frequency in the population. This article discusses the influence of environmental factors to adjust maturational tempo in the service of fitness goals. Utilizing evolutionary development thinking (evo-devo), the author examines adolescence as an evolutionary life-history stage in its developmental context. The transition from the preceding stage of juvenility entails adaptive plasticity in response to energy resources, social needs of adolescence and maturation toward youth and adulthood. Using Belsky's evolutionary theory of socialization, I show that familial psychosocial environment during the infancy-childhood and childhood-juvenility transitions foster a fast life-history and reproductive strategy rather than early maturation being just a risk factor for aggression and delinquency. The implications of the evo-devo framework for theory building, illuminates new directions in the understanding of precocious puberty other than a diagnosis of a disease.
青春期发育具有很高的遗传性,但仍有许多变异有待解释,包括过去150年来的快速变化,而这些变化无法用人群中基因频率的改变来解释。本文讨论环境因素对调整成熟节奏以实现适应性目标的影响。作者运用进化发育思维(evo-devo),在发育背景下将青春期视为一个进化的生命史阶段。从之前的幼年阶段过渡需要适应性可塑性,以应对能源资源、青春期的社会需求以及向青年和成年期的成熟。运用贝尔斯基的社会化进化理论,我表明婴儿期至儿童期以及儿童期至少年期过渡阶段的家庭心理社会环境会促成一种快速的生命史和生殖策略,而不仅仅是早熟是攻击和犯罪的风险因素。进化发育框架对理论构建的影响,为理解性早熟指明了新方向,而不仅仅是将其作为一种疾病进行诊断。