Uttama Sakuntala, Itharat Arunpomrn, Rattarom Rujiluk, Makchuchit Sunita, Panthong Sumalee, Sakpakdeejaroen Intouch
J Med Assoc Thai. 2014 Aug;97 Suppl 8:S125-32.
Sung Yod rice is a red-violet pigmented rice and grown in the southern part of Thailand. Its rice bran oil has attracted the attention ofscientists who have described anti-oxidant properties ofsome ingredients in Sung Yod rice bran oil. Normally, extraction methods ofcommercial product from rice bran oil are by expression or soxhlet extraction with hexane. Thus, biological activities of Sung Yod rice bran oil related to health and chemical content ofrice bran oilfrom the two methods should be studied.
The objectives of this research were to investigate for biological activities and chemical content ofSung Yod rice bran oil obtainedfrom expression or soxhlet extraction method.
Biological activities such as cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities were investigated. Sulphorhodamine (SRB) assay was used to test cytotoxic activity against four human cancer cell lines: lung (COR-L23), cervical (HeLa), prostate (PC-3) and breast (MCF-7) and normal human lung cells (MRC-5). The inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RA W264. 7 cell lines was usedfor the determination of anti-inflammatory effect. DPPH, TEAC and FRAP assay were carried outfor antioxidant activity. Total phenolic compound was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. y-oryzanol and vitamin E content were determined by HPLC. Sung Yod rice bran oil was produced by expression method (EX) or by soxhlet extraction method using hexane (SXH-I).
The percentage ofyield ofSung Yod rice bran oil by EX and SXH were 2.16 and 15.23 %w/w, respectively. Only EX showed the selective cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cells (PC-3), (IC50 = 52.06±1.60 μg/ml). It also exhibited high inhibitory effects on NO production (IC50 = 30.09 μg/ml). In contrast, SXH had no anti-inflammatory effect and cytotoxic activity against any of the cancer cells. EXshowed higher antioxidant activity determined using DPPH compared to SXH. It also showed higher amount of yoryzanol and vitamin E than that ofSXH (3.09±1.04 and 1.35±1.56 mg % w/w ofextracts, respectively). Yet, SXH exhibited higher antioxidant power determined by FRAP assay and higher total phenolic content compared with EX CONCLUSION: Sung Yod rice bran oil, produced by expression method, had better benefit for health regarding cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cells (PC-3), anti-inflammatory effect and antioxidant (using DPPH) than that produced by soxhlet method extracted with hexane.
宋育米是一种红紫色的稻米，生长在泰国南部。其米糠油已引起科学家的关注，他们描述了宋育米糠油中某些成分的抗氧化特性。通常，从米糠油中提取商业产品的方法是压榨法或用己烷进行索氏提取。因此，应研究宋育米糠油通过这两种方法获得的与健康相关的生物活性和化学含量。
本研究的目的是调查通过压榨法或索氏提取法获得的宋育米糠油的生物活性和化学含量。
研究了细胞毒性、抗炎和抗氧化等生物活性。采用磺酰罗丹明（SRB）法检测对四种人类癌细胞系的细胞毒性：肺癌（COR-L23）、宫颈癌（HeLa）、前列腺癌（PC-3）和乳腺癌（MCF-7）以及正常人肺细胞（MRC-5）。通过检测对RAW264.7细胞系中脂多糖（LPS）诱导的一氧化氮（NO）产生的抑制作用来测定抗炎效果。采用DPPH、TEAC和FRAP法测定抗氧化活性。用福林-酚试剂测定总酚化合物含量。用高效液相色谱法测定γ-谷维素和维生素E含量。宋育米糠油通过压榨法（EX）或用己烷进行索氏提取法（SXH-I）生产。
EX法和SXH法生产的宋育米糠油的产率分别为2.16%w/w和15.23%w/w。只有EX法对前列腺癌细胞（PC-3）表现出选择性细胞毒性（IC50 = 52.06±1.60 μg/ml）。它对NO的产生也表现出高抑制作用（IC50 = 30.09 μg/ml）。相比之下，SXH法对任何癌细胞均无抗炎作用和细胞毒性。与SXH法相比，EX法用DPPH测定显示出更高的抗氧化活性。它还显示出比SXH法更高的γ-谷维素和维生素E含量（提取物分别为3.09±1.04和1.35±1.56 mg % w/w）。然而，SXH法通过FRAP法测定显示出更高的抗氧化能力，且总酚含量高于EX法。
通过压榨法生产的宋育米糠油在对前列腺癌细胞（PC-3）的细胞毒性、抗炎作用和抗氧化（用DPPH法）方面比用己烷索氏提取法生产的宋育米糠油对健康更有益。
