Fernandes Priyanka, Frank Roland, Lewis Matthew D, Mueller Ann-Kristin
Parasitology Unit, Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany.
Front Microbiol. 2014 Dec 2;5:658. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00658. eCollection 2014.
Sterile attenuation of Plasmodium parasites at the liver-stage either by irradiation or genetic modification, or at the blood-stage by chemoprophylaxis, has been shown to induce immune responses that can protect against subsequent wild-type infection. However, following certain interventions, parasite attenuation can be incomplete or non-sterile. Instead parasites are rendered developmentally stunted but still capable of establishing an acute infection. In experiments involving Plasmodium berghei ANKA, a model of experimental cerebral malaria, it has been observed that several forms of attenuated parasites do not induce cerebral pathology. In this perspective we collect evidence from studies on murine malaria in particular, and attempt to "connect the dots" between early immune responses and protection from severe cerebral disease, highlighting potential parallels to human infection.
通过辐射或基因改造在肝脏阶段使疟原虫不育性减毒，或通过化学预防在血液阶段使疟原虫减毒，已显示可诱导免疫反应，从而预防随后的野生型感染。然而，在某些干预措施之后，寄生虫减毒可能不完全或不具有不育性。相反，寄生虫发育受阻，但仍能够引发急性感染。在涉及实验性脑型疟疾模型伯氏疟原虫ANKA的实验中，已观察到几种减毒形式的寄生虫不会诱发脑部病变。在此观点中，我们特别收集了来自鼠疟研究的证据，并试图将早期免疫反应与预防严重脑部疾病之间的“点”联系起来，强调与人类感染的潜在相似之处。
