Wipf Daniel, Mongelard Gaëlle, van Tuinen Diederik, Gutierrez Laurent, Casieri Leonardo
UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL 6300 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Dijon, France.
CRRBM and BIOPI EA3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne Amiens, France.
Front Plant Sci. 2014 Dec 2;5:680. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00680. eCollection 2014.
Sulfur plays an essential role in plants' growth and development and in their response to various abiotic and biotic stresses despite its leachability and its very low abundance in the only form that plant roots can uptake (sulfate). It is part of amino acids, glutathione (GSH), thiols of proteins and peptides, membrane sulfolipids, cell walls and secondary products, so reduced availability can drastically alter plant growth and development. The nutritional benefits of symbiotic interactions can help the plant in case of S deficiency. In particular the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) interaction improves N, P, and S plant nutrition, but the mechanisms behind these exchanges are not fully known yet. Although the transcriptional changes in the leguminous model plant Medicago truncatula have been already assessed in several biotic and/or abiotic conditions, S deficiency has not been considered so far. The aim of this work is to get a first overview on S-deficiency responses in the leaf and root tissues of plants interacting with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. Several hundred genes displayed significantly different transcript accumulation levels. Annotation and GO ID association were used to identify biological processes and molecular functions affected by sulfur starvation. Beside the beneficial effects of AM interaction, plants were greatly affected by the nutritional status, showing various differences in their transcriptomic footprints. Several pathways in which S plays an important role appeared to be differentially affected according to mycorrhizal status, with a generally reduced responsiveness to S deficiency in mycorrhized plants.
尽管硫具有可淋溶性且植物根系能够吸收的唯一形态（硫酸盐）含量极低，但它在植物的生长发育以及对各种非生物和生物胁迫的响应中起着至关重要的作用。硫是氨基酸、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、蛋白质和肽的硫醇、膜硫脂、细胞壁及次生产物的组成部分，因此硫有效性的降低会极大地改变植物的生长发育。共生相互作用带来的营养益处可在植物缺硫时起到帮助作用。特别是丛枝菌根（AM）相互作用可改善植物对氮、磷和硫的营养状况，但这些交换背后的机制尚不完全清楚。尽管在几种生物和/或非生物条件下已经评估了豆科模式植物蒺藜苜蓿的转录变化，但迄今为止尚未考虑缺硫情况。这项工作的目的是初步概述与AM真菌不规则球囊霉相互作用的植物叶片和根系组织中对缺硫的响应。数百个基因显示出明显不同的转录积累水平。通过注释和GO ID关联来确定受硫饥饿影响的生物学过程和分子功能。除了AM相互作用的有益影响外，植物还受到营养状况的极大影响，其转录组特征存在各种差异。根据菌根状态，硫发挥重要作用的几个途径似乎受到不同影响，菌根化植物对缺硫的反应通常会降低。
