Scientific Veterinary Institute , Novi Sad , Serbia.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia.
Front Public Health. 2014 Dec 2;2:267. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00267. eCollection 2014.
Vector-borne diseases use to be a major public health concern only in tropical and subtropical areas, but today they are an emerging threat for the continental and developed countries also. Nowadays, in intercontinental countries, there is a struggle with emerging diseases, which have found their way to appear through vectors. Vector-borne zoonotic diseases occur when vectors, animal hosts, climate conditions, pathogens, and susceptible human population exist at the same time, at the same place. Global climate change is predicted to lead to an increase in vector-borne infectious diseases and disease outbreaks. It could affect the range and population of pathogens, host and vectors, transmission season, etc. Reliable surveillance for diseases that are most likely to emerge is required. Canine vector-borne diseases represent a complex group of diseases including anaplasmosis, babesiosis, bartonellosis, borreliosis, dirofilariosis, ehrlichiosis, and leishmaniosis. Some of these diseases cause serious clinical symptoms in dogs and some of them have a zoonotic potential with an effect to public health. It is expected from veterinarians in coordination with medical doctors to play a fundamental role at primarily prevention and then treatment of vector-borne diseases in dogs. The One Health concept has to be integrated into the struggle against emerging diseases. During a 4-year period, from 2009 to 2013, a total number of 551 dog samples were analyzed for vector-borne diseases (borreliosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, dirofilariosis, and leishmaniasis) in routine laboratory work. The analysis was done by serological tests - ELISA for borreliosis, dirofilariosis, and leishmaniasis, modified Knott test for dirofilariosis, and blood smear for babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, and anaplasmosis. This number of samples represented 75% of total number of samples that were sent for analysis for different diseases in dogs. Annually, on average more then half of the samples brought to the laboratory to analysis for different infectious diseases are analyzed for vector-borne diseases. In the region of Vojvodina (northern part of Serbia), the following vector-borne infectious diseases have been found in dogs so far borreliosis, babesiosis, dirofilariosis, leishmaniasis, and anaplasmosis.
过去，虫媒传染病仅被视为热带和亚热带地区的主要公共卫生问题，但如今，它们也成为了大陆和发达国家面临的新兴威胁。如今，洲际国家正在与新出现的疾病作斗争，这些疾病通过媒介传播。当媒介、动物宿主、气候条件、病原体和易感人群同时出现在同一地点时，就会发生虫媒动物传染病。全球气候变化预计将导致虫媒传染病和疾病爆发的增加。它可能会影响病原体、宿主和媒介的范围和数量、传播季节等。需要对最有可能出现的疾病进行可靠的监测。犬媒传染病是一组复杂的疾病，包括无形体病、巴贝斯虫病、巴尔通体病、莱姆病、心丝虫病、埃立克体病和利什曼病。其中一些疾病会导致狗出现严重的临床症状，而其中一些疾病具有人畜共患的潜力，会对公共卫生造成影响。兽医需要与医生合作，在预防和治疗犬类的虫媒传染病方面发挥基础性作用。“同一健康”的理念必须融入到与新发疾病的斗争中。在 2009 年至 2013 年的 4 年期间，在常规实验室工作中分析了 551 份犬样本，以检测虫媒传染病（莱姆病、巴贝斯虫病、埃立克体病、无形体病、心丝虫病和利什曼病）。分析方法是通过血清学检测 - 用于莱姆病、心丝虫病和利什曼病的酶联免疫吸附试验、用于心丝虫病的改良 Knott 试验，以及用于巴贝斯虫病、埃立克体病和无形体病的血涂片。这个样本数量代表了送往实验室分析不同疾病的犬总样本数的 75%。每年，送到实验室分析不同传染病的样本中，平均有一半以上用于分析虫媒传染病。到目前为止，在伏伊伏丁那地区（塞尔维亚北部）已经发现了犬类中的以下虫媒传染病：莱姆病、巴贝斯虫病、心丝虫病、利什曼病和无形体病。
