Toppino Thomas C, Long Gerald M
Department of Psychology, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA,
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2015 Apr;77(3):867-82. doi: 10.3758/s13414-014-0809-x.
The effect of adaptation on the perception of a reversible figure was examined in the context of the so-called "reverse-bias effect" in which prolonged exposure to an unambiguous version of a bi-stable ambiguous stimulus serves to bias an observer to report the alternative version of the subsequently viewed ambiguous stimulus. Exposure to the unambiguous stimulus presumably selectively adapts and weakens the neural structures underlying that particular interpretation of the ambiguous figure. We extended previous research by examining the dominance durations for the two alternatives of the reversible figure (i.e., how long each alternative was perceived when it was dominant) in addition to the measures of response rate and choice preference used by other researchers. We replicated earlier findings with the previously used measures. Interestingly, adaptation with an unambiguous version of the ambiguous stimulus produced an asymmetrical effect on the dominance durations of the subsequently presented ambiguous stimulus, relative to a no-adaptation control. The dominance durations were lengthened for the perceptual organization that was the opposite of the adaptation stimulus while they were relatively unaffected for the perceptual organization that was the same as the adaptation stimulus. Our findings are consistent with the argument that adaptation effects play an important role in perceptual bistability. The asymmetrical dominance-duration findings further suggest that adaptation operates in a perceptual system in which the alternative perceptual representations of an ambiguous figure reciprocally inhibit one another via cross-inhibitory processes, consistent with views developed in other forms of bistable perception (e.g., binocular rivalry).
在所谓的“反向偏差效应”背景下，研究了适应对可逆图形感知的影响。在这种效应中，长时间暴露于双稳态模糊刺激的明确版本会使观察者倾向于报告随后看到的模糊刺激的另一种版本。暴露于明确刺激可能会选择性地使支持对模糊图形特定解释的神经结构适应并减弱。我们扩展了先前的研究，除了其他研究人员使用的反应率和选择偏好测量方法外，还研究了可逆图形两种形式的主导持续时间（即每种形式占主导时被感知的时长）。我们用先前使用的测量方法重复了早期的研究结果。有趣的是，相对于无适应对照组，用模糊刺激的明确版本进行适应对随后呈现的模糊刺激的主导持续时间产生了不对称效应。与适应刺激相反的知觉组织的主导持续时间延长，而与适应刺激相同的知觉组织的主导持续时间相对未受影响。我们的研究结果与适应效应在知觉双稳态中起重要作用的观点一致。主导持续时间的不对称发现进一步表明，适应在一个知觉系统中起作用，在这个系统中，模糊图形的替代知觉表征通过交叉抑制过程相互抑制，这与其他形式的双稳态知觉（如双眼竞争）中提出的观点一致。
