Schneider D, Radloff S, Müller S, Möller D, Bolz M, Briese V
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, HELIOS Hospital Schwerin, Schwerin, Germany.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 2015 Apr;219(2):93-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1383584. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
The demographic change in -Germany describes an ongoing process of population development of which the eastern German states tend to be more affected. These ongoing changes have an influence on the reproductive behavior of the population. After twenty-three years of German reunification, the present study has investigated the question to what extent the somatic classification of newborns in Mecklenburg-Pomerania (M-P), Germany, is affected.
Newborn singleton births (n=174,084) were classified from the existing data of the German Perinatal Survey between 1994 and 2011. The rate of premature birth, SGA, and LGA rate as well as the rate of low birth weight ≤2,499 g were determined both gender-dependently and independently. In addition, a combined analysis of the rates has been taken into account. The obtained data material from M-P made it possible for the first time to compare by values. National and international reference studies were considered in this comparison.
In M-P, the premature birth rate is 5.2%; the rate of newborns with low birth weight ≤ 2,499 g is 4.4%. Among newborns of ≤2,499 g and SGA newborns, girls compose a higher percentage (4.7%, 12.5%) compared to boys (4.0%, 7.4%). The premature birth rate and LGA newborns appear conversely. For these, the percentage of boys (5.6%, 12.6%) is higher than that of girls (4.8%, 7.0%). 60.6% of the gender non-specific newborns ≤2,499 g are simultaneously premature newborn infants. Only a very small percentage of 0.5% of SGA newborns is at the same time premature infants and newborns with low birth weight.
By getting nationwide country-specific figures, a detailed analysis of the newborns in M-P can be performed. The analysis supports the existing national values and is a helpful addition for practice-oriented advice.
德国的人口结构变化描述了一个持续的人口发展过程，德国东部各州往往受其影响更大。这些持续的变化对人口的生育行为产生影响。德国统一二十三年后，本研究调查了德国梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚（M-P）地区新生儿的身体状况分类受影响的程度。
根据1994年至2011年德国围产期调查的现有数据，对单胎新生儿（n=174,084）进行分类。分别按性别和不考虑性别的方式确定早产率、小于胎龄儿（SGA）率、大于胎龄儿（LGA）率以及出生体重≤2499克的低体重率。此外，还对这些比率进行了综合分析。来自M-P地区的现有数据首次使得按数值进行比较成为可能。在此次比较中参考了国内和国际的相关研究。
在M-P地区，早产率为5.2%；出生体重≤2499克的新生儿率为4.4%。在出生体重≤2499克的新生儿和小于胎龄儿中，女孩所占百分比（4.7%，12.5%）高于男孩（4.0%，7.4%）。早产率和大于胎龄儿的情况则相反。对于这两者，男孩的百分比（5.6%，12.6%）高于女孩（4.8%，7.0%）。出生体重≤2499克的非特定性别的新生儿中有60.6%同时为早产新生儿。小于胎龄儿中只有0.5%的极小比例同时为早产婴儿和低体重新生儿。
通过获取全国特定地区的数据，可以对M-P地区的新生儿进行详细分析。该分析支持了现有的全国数据，并且对以实践为导向的建议有帮助。
