Yee Wee L
United States Department of Agriculture, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA 98951, USA
J Insect Sci. 2014 Jan 1;14. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu131. Print 2014.
Seasonal distributions of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), in sweet cherry (Prunus avium (L.) L.) (major host), black hawthorn (occasional developmental host) (Crataegus douglasii Lindley), and other trees were determined in a ponderosa pine ecosystem in Washington state, USA. The hypothesis that most fly dispersal from cherry trees occurs after fruit senesce or drop was tested, with emphasis on movement to black hawthorn trees. Sweet cherry fruit developed earlier than black hawthorn, bitter cherry (common host), choke cherry, and apple fruit. Flies were usually captured first in sweet cherry trees but were caught in bitter cherry and other trees throughout the season. Peak fly capture periods in sweet cherry began around the same time or slightly earlier than in other trees. However, peak fly capture periods in black hawthorn and other nonsweet cherry trees continued after peak periods in sweet cherry ended, or relative fly numbers within sweet cherry declined more quickly than those within other trees. Larvae were reared from sweet and bitter cherry but not black hawthorn fruit. Results provide partial support for the hypothesis in that although R. indifferens commonly disperses from sweet cherry trees with fruit, it could disperse more, or more flies are retained in nonsweet cherry trees after than before sweet cherries drop. This could allow opportunities for the flies to use other fruit for larval development. Although R. indifferens infestation in black hawthorn was not detected, early season fly dispersal to this and other trees and fly presence in bitter cherry could make fly management in sweet cherry difficult.
在美国华盛顿州的一个黄松生态系统中，确定了西部樱桃果蝇（Rhagoletis indifferens Curran，双翅目：实蝇科）在甜樱桃（Prunus avium (L.) L.）（主要寄主）、黑山楂（偶尔的发育寄主）（Crataegus douglasii Lindley）及其他树木中的季节性分布。对大多数果蝇从樱桃树扩散发生在果实衰老或掉落之后这一假说进行了检验，重点是向黑山楂树的移动。甜樱桃果实比黑山楂、苦樱桃（常见寄主）、稠李和苹果果实发育得更早。果蝇通常首先在甜樱桃树中被捕获，但在整个季节中也会在苦樱桃和其他树木中被捕获。甜樱桃中果蝇捕获高峰期与其他树木大致同时开始或略早。然而，甜樱桃高峰期结束后，黑山楂和其他非甜樱桃树中的果蝇捕获高峰期仍在继续，或者甜樱桃中的果蝇相对数量比其他树木中的下降得更快。从甜樱桃和苦樱桃中饲养出了幼虫，但未从黑山楂果实中饲养出幼虫。结果为该假说提供了部分支持，因为尽管西部樱桃果蝇通常会随着果实从甜樱桃树中扩散，但它可能扩散得更多，或者在甜樱桃掉落之后，更多果蝇留在了非甜樱桃树中。这可能为果蝇利用其他果实进行幼虫发育提供机会。尽管未检测到黑山楂中有西部樱桃果蝇侵害，但果蝇在季节早期向黑山楂和其他树木的扩散以及在苦樱桃中的存在可能会使甜樱桃中的果蝇管理变得困难。
