From the Analytical Services Unit, Instituto de Biologia Experimental Tecnologica, Oeiras, Portugal (SS and MRB); the Analytical Chemistry Department, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Oeiras, Portugal (SS and MRB); the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal (SS and MRB); the Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal (MRB and MEF); Mosaiques Diagnostics AG, Hannover, Germany (JS and HM); and Human Nutrition, School of Medicine (EC) and the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (WM), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jan;101(1):44-54. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.094219. Epub 2014 Nov 19.
Olive oil (OO) consumption is associated with cardiovascular disease prevention because of both its oleic acid and phenolic contents. The capacity of OO phenolics to protect against low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation is the basis for a health claim by the European Food Safety Authority. Proteomic biomarkers enable an early, presymptomatic diagnosis of disease, which makes them important and effective, but understudied, tools for primary prevention.
We evaluated the impact of supplementation with OO, either low or high in phenolics, on urinary proteomic biomarkers of coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetes.
Self-reported healthy participants (n = 69) were randomly allocated (stratified block random assignment) according to age and body mass index to supplementation with a daily 20-mL dose of OO either low or high in phenolics (18 compared with 286 mg caffeic acid equivalents per kg, respectively) for 6 wk. Urinary proteomic biomarkers were measured at baseline and 3 and 6 wk alongside blood lipids, the antioxidant capacity, and glycation markers.
The consumption of both OOs improved the proteomic CAD score at endpoint compared with baseline (mean improvement: -0.3 for low-phenolic OO and -0.2 for high-phenolic OO; P < 0.01) but not CKD or diabetes proteomic biomarkers. However, there was no difference between groups for changes in proteomic biomarkers or any secondary outcomes including plasma triacylglycerols, oxidized LDL, and LDL cholesterol.
In comparison with low-phenolic OO, supplementation for 6 wk with high-phenolic OO does not lead to an improvement in cardiovascular health markers in a healthy cohort.
橄榄油（OO）由于其油酸和酚类含量，与预防心血管疾病有关。OO 酚类物质保护低密度脂蛋白（LDL）免受氧化的能力是欧洲食品安全局提出健康声明的基础。蛋白质组生物标志物能够实现疾病的早期、无症状诊断，因此它们是重要且有效的，但研究不足的原发性预防工具。
我们评估了补充低酚或高酚橄榄油对冠状动脉疾病（CAD）、慢性肾脏病（CKD）和糖尿病尿蛋白组生物标志物的影响。
自我报告健康的参与者（n=69）根据年龄和体重指数进行分层块随机分组，每天补充 20 毫升低酚或高酚橄榄油（分别为 18 和 286 毫克咖啡酸当量/千克），持续 6 周。在基线和 3 周及 6 周时测量尿蛋白组生物标志物以及血脂、抗氧化能力和糖化标志物。
与基线相比，两种 OO 的摄入都改善了终点的 CAD 蛋白组评分（低酚 OO 的平均改善为-0.3，高酚 OO 的平均改善为-0.2；P<0.01），但 CKD 或糖尿病蛋白组生物标志物没有改善。然而，两组间在蛋白组生物标志物或任何次要结局（包括血浆三酰甘油、氧化 LDL 和 LDL 胆固醇）的变化方面没有差异。
与低酚 OO 相比，在健康人群中补充 6 周高酚 OO 并不会导致心血管健康标志物的改善。
