Patrick Regan E, Christensen Bruce K, Smolewska Kathy
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neuroscience, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
MiNDS Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
J Neuropsychol. 2016 Mar;10(1):59-76. doi: 10.1111/jnp.12056. Epub 2014 Dec 22.
Recent models of schizophrenia suggest deficient use of contextual response cues when confronted with countermanding emotional cues. It is important to clinically validate these models by testing patients diagnosed with schizophrenia on tasks with competing emotional and contextual response determinants. Control and schizophrenia groups completed a novel task that elicited motor responses consistent with, or in opposition to, pre-potent emotional actions (i.e., approach vs. avoidance). An analogous non-emotional task was also used to examine cue-conflict impairment more generally. The groups demonstrated statistically equivalent performance decrements on incongruent versus congruent trials on both tasks. However, within the schizophrenia group, the incongruency effect was significantly greater in the emotional versus non-emotional task. These data suggest that, while patients with schizophrenia were able to employ contextual response cues to override competing emotional responses, they were slower to resolve emotional versus non-emotional response conflict. When patients were subdivided according to the presence or absence of disorganized symptoms, this effect was confined to patients with disorganized symptoms.
近期的精神分裂症模型表明，当面对相悖的情绪线索时，患者在利用情境反应线索方面存在缺陷。通过让被诊断为精神分裂症的患者在具有相互竞争的情绪和情境反应决定因素的任务上进行测试，从临床角度验证这些模型非常重要。对照组和精神分裂症组完成了一项新任务，该任务引发的运动反应与优势情绪行为一致或相反（即趋近与回避）。还使用了一项类似的非情绪任务来更全面地检查线索冲突损伤。两组在两项任务的不一致试验与一致试验中表现出统计学上相当的成绩下降。然而，在精神分裂症组中，情绪任务与非情绪任务相比，不一致效应明显更大。这些数据表明，虽然精神分裂症患者能够利用情境反应线索来克服相互竞争的情绪反应，但他们解决情绪与非情绪反应冲突的速度较慢。当根据是否存在紊乱症状对患者进行细分时，这种效应仅限于有紊乱症状的患者。
