Shah Ruchi R, O'Hagan Derek T, Amiji Mansoor M, Brito Luis A
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2014 Dec;9(17):2671-81. doi: 10.2217/nnm.14.193.
Particulate adjuvants have been successful at inducing increased immune responses against many poorly immunogenic antigens. However, the mechanism of action of these adjuvants often remains unclear. As more potential vaccine targets are emerging, it is becoming necessary to broaden our knowledge on the factors involved in generating potent immune responses to recombinant antigens with adjuvants. While composition of adjuvants is integral in defining the overall performance of an adjuvant, some physical parameters such as particle size, surface charge and surface modification may also contribute to the potency. In this review, we will try to highlight the role of particle size in controlling the immune responses to adjuvanted vaccines, with a focus on insoluble aluminum salts, oil-in-water emulsions, polymeric particles and liposomes.
颗粒佐剂已成功诱导针对许多免疫原性较差的抗原产生增强的免疫反应。然而，这些佐剂的作用机制往往仍不清楚。随着越来越多潜在的疫苗靶点出现，有必要拓宽我们对使用佐剂产生针对重组抗原的有效免疫反应所涉及因素的认识。虽然佐剂的组成对于确定佐剂的整体性能至关重要，但一些物理参数，如粒径、表面电荷和表面修饰，也可能影响其效力。在本综述中，我们将试图强调粒径在控制对佐剂疫苗的免疫反应中的作用，重点关注不溶性铝盐、水包油乳液、聚合物颗粒和脂质体。
