Li Xiaoming, Liu Wei, Sun Lianwen, Aifantis Katerina E, Yu Bo, Fan Yubo, Feng Qingling, Cui Fuzhai, Watari Fumio
Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
Department of Civil Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721.
J Biomed Mater Res A. 2015 Jul;103(7):2499-507. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.35384. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
Due to their unique size and properties, nanomaterials have numerous applications, which range from electronics, cosmetics, household appliances, energy storage, and semiconductor devices, to medical products such as biological sensors, drug carriers, bioprobes, and implants. Many of the promising properties of nanomaterials arise from their large surface to volume ratio and, therefore, nanobiomaterials that are implantable have a large contact area with the human body. Before, therefore, we can fully exploit nanomaterials, in medicine and bioengineering; it is necessary to understand how they can affect the human body. As a step in this direction, this review paper provides a comprehensive summary of the effects that the physicochemical properties of commonly used nanobiomaterials have on their toxicity. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms of toxicity are described with the aim to provide guidance concerning the design of the nanobiomaterials with desirable properties.
由于其独特的尺寸和性质，纳米材料有众多应用，范围从电子、化妆品、家用电器、能量存储和半导体器件，到医疗产品，如生物传感器、药物载体、生物探针和植入物。纳米材料许多有前景的性质源于其大的表面积与体积比，因此，可植入的纳米生物材料与人体有很大的接触面积。所以，在我们能够在医学和生物工程中充分利用纳米材料之前，有必要了解它们如何影响人体。作为朝这个方向迈出的一步，这篇综述文章全面总结了常用纳米生物材料的物理化学性质对其毒性的影响。此外，还描述了可能的毒性机制，旨在为设计具有理想性质的纳米生物材料提供指导。
