Di Sebastiano Katie M, Mourtzakis Marina
Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Nutrients. 2014 Dec 22;6(12):6095-109. doi: 10.3390/nu6126095.
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed world-wide; however, patients demonstrate exceptionally high survival rates. Many lifestyle factors, including obesity and diet, are considered risk factors for advanced prostate cancer. Dietary fat is a fundamental contributor to obesity and may be specifically important for prostate cancer patients. Prostate cancer treatment can result in changes in body composition, affecting quality of life for survivors by increasing the risk of co-morbidities, like cardiovascular disease and diabetes. We aim to examine dietary fat throughout the prostate cancer treatment trajectory, including risk, cancer development and survivorship. Focusing on one specific nutrient throughout the prostate cancer trajectory provides a unique perspective of dietary fat in prostate cancer and the mechanisms that may exacerbate prostate cancer risk, progression and recurrence. Through this approach, we noted that high intake of dietary fat, especially, high intake of animal and saturated fats, may be associated with increased prostate cancer risk. In contrast, a low-fat diet, specifically low in saturated fat, may be beneficial for prostate cancer survivors by reducing tumor angiogenesis and cancer recurrence. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/Akt signaling pathway appears to be the key pathway moderating dietary fat intake and prostate cancer development and progression.
前列腺癌是全球第二大常见癌症；然而，患者的生存率极高。许多生活方式因素，包括肥胖和饮食，都被认为是晚期前列腺癌的风险因素。膳食脂肪是导致肥胖的一个重要因素，对前列腺癌患者可能尤为重要。前列腺癌治疗会导致身体成分发生变化，增加诸如心血管疾病和糖尿病等合并症的风险，从而影响幸存者的生活质量。我们旨在研究前列腺癌治疗全过程中的膳食脂肪情况，包括风险、癌症发展和生存情况。在前列腺癌整个病程中关注一种特定营养素，能为前列腺癌中的膳食脂肪以及可能加剧前列腺癌风险、进展和复发的机制提供独特视角。通过这种方法，我们注意到高膳食脂肪摄入，尤其是高动物脂肪和饱和脂肪摄入，可能与前列腺癌风险增加有关。相比之下，低脂肪饮食，特别是饱和脂肪含量低的饮食，可能通过减少肿瘤血管生成和癌症复发，对前列腺癌幸存者有益。胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）/Akt信号通路似乎是调节膳食脂肪摄入与前列腺癌发展和进展的关键通路。
