Johnson-Lawrence Vicki, Schulz Amy J, Zenk Shannon N, Israel Barbara A, Rowe Zachary
Department of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Michigan-Flint.
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Ann Epidemiol. 2015 Feb;25(2):107-12. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2014.11.019. Epub 2014 Nov 25.
Individuals who perceive more neighborhood challenges are less physically active. Territoriality, an observable positive marker of social presence and defensible space in the neighborhood, may influence the association between neighborhood challenges and physical activity (PA). We hypothesized that greater territoriality would reduce the negative effects of neighborhood challenges on PA levels.
Data were collected by the Healthy Environments Partnership in an urban Midwestern city. Multilevel regressions were used to test associations in a sample of 696 white, black, and Hispanic adults older than 25 years.
Territoriality moderated associations between residents' perceptions of neighborhood challenges and PA. Contrary to our hypothesis, individuals who perceived more neighborhood challenges and lived in areas with more territoriality markers (e.g., buildings with decorations, buildings with security signage, and neighborhood watch signs) were less physically active than other respondents (b = -2.41, standard error = 0.84, P < .01).
Our findings suggest that associations between perceived neighborhood challenges and PA are shaped by the context in which the individual lives. Our study provides empirical evidence that individual perceptions and observed neighborhood characteristics are joint contributors to PA and suggest the need for continued research to characterize the complexity of individual and contextual factors that contribute to PA.
感知到更多邻里挑战的个体身体活动较少。领地意识是邻里中社会存在和可防御空间的一个可观察到的积极标志，可能会影响邻里挑战与身体活动（PA）之间的关联。我们假设更强的领地意识会减少邻里挑战对PA水平的负面影响。
数据由健康环境伙伴关系在中西部一个城市收集。采用多层回归分析来检验696名年龄超过25岁的白人、黑人和西班牙裔成年人样本中的关联。
领地意识调节了居民对邻里挑战的感知与PA之间的关联。与我们的假设相反，那些感知到更多邻里挑战且生活在有更多领地意识标志（如带有装饰的建筑、带有安全标识的建筑和邻里守望标志）地区的个体，其身体活动比其他受访者更少（b = -2.41，标准误 = 0.84，P <.01）。
我们的研究结果表明，感知到的邻里挑战与PA之间的关联受到个体生活环境的影响。我们的研究提供了实证证据，表明个体感知和观察到的邻里特征共同影响PA，并表明需要继续开展研究以描述影响PA的个体和环境因素的复杂性。
