Durrer Bruno
Caremed Praxis Lauterbrunnen/Mürren, Lauterbrunnen.
Ther Umsch. 2015 Jan;72(1):55-7. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930/a000640.
Frostbite is most likely to happen in combination with accidents, intoxications or psychiatric emergencies and typically affects smaller, more exposed areas of the body, such as fingers, toes, nose, ears, cheeks and chin. The preclinical treatment consists of rapid rewarming of the injured tissue in a water-bath that is held between 38 - 42 °C (hand-hot) in a stable, warm environment. A new clssification allows a faster assessment of the outcome. New retrospective studies suggest the efficacy of thrombolysis or prostacyclin analogues against spasm and thrombosis for a better outcome.
冻伤最有可能与事故、中毒或精神科急症同时发生，通常影响身体较小且暴露较多的部位，如手指、脚趾、鼻子、耳朵、脸颊和下巴。临床前治疗包括在稳定、温暖的环境中，将受伤组织置于38-42°C（手感温热）的水浴中快速复温。一种新的分类方法能更快地评估预后。新的回顾性研究表明，溶栓或前列环素类似物对痉挛和血栓形成有效，可带来更好的预后。
