Li Qingtao, Zhang Xinfang
Minda Hospital of Hubei Nationalities Institute, Enshi 445000, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2014 Oct;32(10):759-61.
To investigate the Influence of risk factors that cause the phototoxic maculopathy by welding arc in occupational welders.
We examined randomly a group of 86 male occupational welders 172 eyes from some local metal manufacturing enterprise from August 2010 to December 2013. The ophthalmologic examination which the participants underwent thorough including the best visual acuity, fundus examination by the supplementary lens, fundus photography, and the high definition optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan. All participants of this study underwent thorough the medicine examined by a specialist of occupational who prior to the OCT. All the subjects were divided into groups according to age, protection degrees , length of service, operating time . The incidences of phototoxic maculopathy were compared within groups. The subjects was divided randomly into the lutein group and the placebo group. The examination including the best visual acuity, serum lutein concentrations, macular pigmentoptical density (MPOD), Contrast and glare Sensitivity.
(1) The total incidence of phototoxic maculopathy is 32.0%. (2) The incidences of phototoxic maculopathy in the strict protection group, the randomed protective group and the nonprofessional protection group were respectively 21.4%, 36.7%, 53.6%. The incidence in the strict protection group was lower than the other two groups, the incidence was the highest in the nonprofessional protection group, and the difference was statistically significant. (3) The longer length of service, and operating time , the more incidence of phototoxic maculopathy develop. (4) The lutein group prior to the placebo group at the best visual acuity, serum lutein concentrations, macular pigmentoptical density (MPOD), Contrast and glare Sensitivity.
The risk factors of phototoxic maculopathy in male occupational welders are the length of service, operating time, protection degrees and the lutein assistantly. The incidence of phototoxic maculopathy occurs regardless of age.
探讨职业焊工中因焊接电弧导致光毒性黄斑病变的危险因素的影响。
2010年8月至2013年12月，我们从当地一些金属制造企业中随机检查了一组86名男性职业焊工的172只眼睛。参与者接受了全面的眼科检查，包括最佳视力、使用辅助镜片进行眼底检查、眼底摄影以及高清光学相干断层扫描（OCT）。本研究的所有参与者在进行OCT之前均接受了职业专科医生的全面医学检查。所有受试者根据年龄、防护程度、工龄、操作时间进行分组。比较组内光毒性黄斑病变的发生率。受试者被随机分为叶黄素组和安慰剂组。检查包括最佳视力、血清叶黄素浓度、黄斑色素光密度（MPOD）、对比度和眩光敏感度。
（1）光毒性黄斑病变的总发生率为32.0%。（2）严格防护组、随机防护组和非专业防护组的光毒性黄斑病变发生率分别为21.4%、36.7%和53.6%。严格防护组的发生率低于其他两组，非专业防护组的发生率最高，差异有统计学意义。（3）工龄和操作时间越长，光毒性黄斑病变的发生率越高。（4）叶黄素组在最佳视力、血清叶黄素浓度、黄斑色素光密度（MPOD）、对比度和眩光敏感度方面优于安慰剂组。
男性职业焊工光毒性黄斑病变的危险因素是工龄、操作时间、防护程度以及叶黄素辅助因素。无论年龄大小，均可发生光毒性黄斑病变。
