Allott Kelly A, Rice Simon, Bartholomeusz Cali F, Klier Claudia, Schlögelhofer Monika, Schäfer Miriam R, Amminger G Paul
Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Schizophr Res. 2015 Feb;161(2-3):322-8. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.12.010. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
Impairments in recognising negative emotions are found in individuals with first-episode and chronic schizophrenia and also in those at ultra-high risk for the illness. Whether these impairments are an endophenotype for schizophrenia is unclear. To examine the heritability of emotion recognition, the aim of this study was to examine whether facial and prosody emotion recognition deficits, particularly for negative emotions, are also present in unaffected first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia.
Face and prosody emotion recognition (ER) were examined in individuals with first-episode schizophrenia (n=30), their unaffected first-degree relatives (n=27) and healthy controls (n=30). Measures of psychopathology and IQ were also administered.
On the face ER task, first-episode schizophrenia participants performed significantly more poorly in recognising anger (p=.017), disgust (p=.033) and fear (p=.040) and first-degree relatives were significantly poorer at recognising fear (p=.003) than healthy controls. On the prosody ER task, first-episode schizophrenia participants made significantly more errors in recognising anger (p=.001) and surprise (p=.003) and first-degree relatives were significantly poorer at recognising anger (p=.005) than healthy controls. Effect sizes were medium to large. After controlling for age, IQ and symptoms, both unaffected first-degree relatives and first-episode schizophrenia patients displayed a significant deficit in facial fear recognition relative to healthy controls (p=.040 and p=.048, respectively). This deficit was not associated with current psychiatric symptoms.
These findings bolster evidence for emotion recognition (particularly for fear) as a heritable characteristic of schizophrenia. However, the diagnostic specificity of this finding requires further investigation.
在首发和慢性精神分裂症患者以及处于该疾病超高风险的个体中，均发现了识别负面情绪的障碍。这些障碍是否为精神分裂症的一种内表型尚不清楚。为了研究情绪识别的遗传性，本研究的目的是检验精神分裂症患者未受影响的一级亲属中是否也存在面部和韵律情绪识别缺陷，尤其是对负面情绪的识别缺陷。
对首发精神分裂症患者（n = 30）、其未受影响的一级亲属（n = 27）和健康对照者（n = 30）进行面部和韵律情绪识别（ER）检查。还进行了精神病理学和智商测量。
在面部ER任务中，首发精神分裂症参与者在识别愤怒（p = 0.017）、厌恶（p = 0.033）和恐惧（p = 0.040）方面表现明显更差，一级亲属在识别恐惧方面（p = 0.003）比健康对照者明显更差。在韵律ER任务中，首发精神分裂症参与者在识别愤怒（p = 0.001）和惊讶（p = 0.003）方面犯的错误明显更多，一级亲属在识别愤怒方面（p = 0.005）比健康对照者明显更差。效应大小为中等至较大。在控制年龄、智商和症状后，未受影响的一级亲属和首发精神分裂症患者相对于健康对照者在面部恐惧识别方面均表现出明显缺陷（分别为p = 0.040和p = 0.048）。这种缺陷与当前的精神症状无关。
这些发现支持了情绪识别（尤其是对恐惧的识别）是精神分裂症的一种可遗传特征的证据。然而，这一发现的诊断特异性需要进一步研究。
