Baginsky Cecilia, Brito Belén, Scherson Rosita, Pertuzé Ricardo, Seguel Oscar, Cañete Alejandro, Araneda Cristian, Johnson Warren E
Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11.315, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile,
Arch Microbiol. 2015 Apr;197(3):419-29. doi: 10.1007/s00203-014-1067-y. Epub 2014 Dec 23.
In spite of potentially being an important source of rhizobial diversity and a key determinant of common bean productivity, there is a paucity of data on Rhizobium genetic variation and species composition in the important bean producing area of Chile and only one species has been documented (Rhizobium leguminosarum). In this study, 240 Rhizobium isolates from Torcaza bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) nodules established in the highest bean producing area in Chile (33°34'S-70°38'W and 37°36'S-71°47'W) were characterized by PCR-RFLP markers for nodC gene, revealing eight banding patterns with the polymorphic enzyme Hinf I. The locality of San Agustín de Aurora in Central Chile (35°32'S-71°29'W) had the highest level of diversity. Isolates were classified by species using PCR-RFLP markers for 16S rDNA gene and were confirmed by sequencing an internal fragment of the 16S rDNA gene. The results confirmed the presence of R. leguminosarum and three other species of rhizobia nodulating beans in South Central Chile (R. etli, R. tropici and R. leucaenae). R. tropici and R. leucaenae showed the least genetic variation and were most commonly identified in acid soils, while R. etli was the most common species in slightly acidic to moderately alkaline soils, with higher levels of organic matter content. R. leguminosarum was identified in almost all soils, was the most genetically diverse, and was the most common, being documented in soils with pH that ranged between 5.3 and 8.2, and with organic matter content between 2.1 and 4 %.
尽管根瘤菌多样性可能是一个重要来源，也是普通豆产量的关键决定因素，但在智利重要的豆类产区，关于根瘤菌遗传变异和物种组成的数据却很匮乏，且仅有一个物种被记录（豆科根瘤菌）。在本研究中，对来自智利最高产豆区（南纬33°34′ - 西经70°38′以及南纬37°36′ - 西经71°47′）的托卡扎豆（菜豆）根瘤中的240株根瘤菌分离株，用nodC基因的PCR - RFLP标记进行了特征分析，结果显示，使用多态性酶Hinf I产生了8种条带模式。智利中部的圣奥古斯丁 - 德奥罗拉地区（南纬35°32′ - 西经71°29′）具有最高的多样性水平。利用16S rDNA基因的PCR - RFLP标记对分离株进行物种分类，并通过对16S rDNA基因内部片段测序进行了确认。结果证实了豆科根瘤菌以及其他三种在智利中南部使豆类结瘤的根瘤菌物种的存在（埃氏根瘤菌、热带根瘤菌和勒氏根瘤菌）。热带根瘤菌和勒氏根瘤菌的遗传变异最少，且在酸性土壤中最常见，而埃氏根瘤菌是在微酸性至中度碱性土壤中最常见的物种且有机质含量较高。豆科根瘤菌在几乎所有土壤中都有发现，其遗传多样性最高且最为常见，在pH值介于5.3至8.2之间、有机质含量介于2.1%至4%的土壤中均有记录。
