National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Addiction. 2015 Jan;110 Suppl 1:29-39. doi: 10.1111/add.12781.
To describe the data collected by the Chinese methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) system and the characteristics of clients entering the programme.
Descriptive study using routinely collected data from the MMT data management system for the period March 2004 and March 2010.
All MMT clinics in China.
Clients who enrolled for services between March 2004 and March 2010.
Routinely collected data included: demographic information; drug use, sexual and criminal behaviours; status of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis; random urine-opiate test results; and the daily methadone dose received. Differences among clients by year were examined.
During the period examined, there were 251,974 clients attending 684 clinics in 27 provinces. Overall, the mean age was 34.4 years, 83.8% were male, 70.2% were unemployed, 75% had ever injected drugs, 17% had shared needles and 7.4% were HIV-positive. The profile of clients changed over time, with fewer HIV-positive individuals, fewer injecting drug users, fewer needle-sharers, fewer females and fewer unemployed. Half the clients dropped out within 6 months. The average final dose received was 49.4 mg. The estimated probability of interrupting treatment before 6 months was 52.5%.
The profile of clients enrolling in methadone maintenance treatment in China is continually changing and appears to be associated with reduced risk of HIV. High dropout in the programme may limit its effectiveness. The availability of a centralized, real-time data system was extremely useful for monitoring the progress of the Chinese methadone maintenance treatment programme.
描述中国美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）系统收集的数据以及入组患者的特征。
使用美沙酮数据管理系统中 2004 年 3 月至 2010 年 3 月的常规数据进行描述性研究。
中国所有的 MMT 诊所。
2004 年 3 月至 2010 年 3 月期间入组的患者。
常规收集的数据包括：人口统计学信息；药物使用、性行为和犯罪行为；人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和梅毒感染状况；随机尿液阿片检测结果；以及每天接受的美沙酮剂量。比较了不同年份患者之间的差异。
在所研究的期间内，共有 251974 名患者在 27 个省的 684 个诊所就诊。总体而言，患者的平均年龄为 34.4 岁，83.8%为男性，70.2%为失业者，75%曾有过注射吸毒史，17%曾共用过注射器，7.4%为 HIV 阳性。患者的特征随时间而变化，HIV 阳性者、注射吸毒者、共用注射器者、女性和失业者的比例均有所下降。有一半的患者在 6 个月内退出治疗。平均最终剂量为 49.4mg。估计 6 个月内中断治疗的概率为 52.5%。
在中国入组美沙酮维持治疗的患者特征不断变化，并且与 HIV 风险降低有关。该项目的高退出率可能限制了其效果。中央实时数据系统的可用性对于监测中国美沙酮维持治疗项目的进展非常有用。
