Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
J Ginseng Res. 2015 Jan;39(1):22-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2014.08.001. Epub 2014 Aug 8.
Sun ginseng (SG), a specific formulation of quality-controlled red ginseng, contains approximately equal amounts of three major ginsenosides (RK1, Rg3, and Rg5), which reportedly has antitumor-promoting activities in animal models.
MTT assay was used to assess whether SG can potentiate the anticancer activity of epirubicin or paclitaxel in human cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa cells, human colon cancer SW111C cells, and SW480 cells; apoptosis status was analyzed by annexin V-FITC and PI and analyzed by flow cytometry; and apoptosis pathway was studied by analysis of caspase-3, -8, and -9 activation, mitochondrial accumulation of Bax and Bak, and cytochrome c release.
SG remarkably enhances cancer cell death induced by epirubicin or paclitaxel in human cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa cells, human colon cancer SW111C cells, and SW480 cells. Results of the mechanism study highlighted the cooperation between SG and epirubicin or paclitaxel in activating caspase-3 and -9 but not caspase-8. Moreover, SG significantly increased the mitochondrial accumulation of both Bax and Bak triggered by epirubicin or paclitaxel as well as the subsequent release of cytochrome c in the targeted cells.
SG significantly potentiated the anticancer activities of epirubicin and paclitaxel in a synergistic manner. These effects were associated with the increased mitochondrial accumulation of both Bax and Bak that led to an enhanced cytochrome c release, caspase-9/-3 activation, and apoptosis. Treating cancer cells by combining epirubicin and paclitaxel with SG may prove to be a novel strategy for enhancing the efficacy of the two drug types.
人参（SG）是一种经过质量控制的红参特定配方，含有约等量的三种主要人参皂苷（RK1、Rg3 和 Rg5），据报道在动物模型中具有抗肿瘤促进作用。
MTT 法检测 SG 是否能增强表阿霉素或紫杉醇对人宫颈腺癌 HeLa 细胞、人结肠癌细胞 SW111C 细胞和 SW480 细胞的抗癌活性；用 Annexin V-FITC 和 PI 分析细胞凋亡状态，并用流式细胞术进行分析；通过分析 caspase-3、-8 和 -9 的激活、线粒体 Bax 和 Bak 的积累以及细胞色素 c 的释放来研究凋亡途径。
SG 显著增强了表阿霉素或紫杉醇对人宫颈腺癌 HeLa 细胞、人结肠癌细胞 SW111C 细胞和 SW480 细胞的癌细胞死亡。机制研究结果突出了 SG 与表阿霉素或紫杉醇在激活 caspase-3 和 -9 而不是 caspase-8 方面的协同作用。此外，SG 显著增加了表阿霉素或紫杉醇触发的 Bax 和 Bak 的线粒体积累，以及靶向细胞中细胞色素 c 的随后释放。
SG 以协同方式显著增强了表阿霉素和紫杉醇的抗癌活性。这些作用与 Bax 和 Bak 的线粒体积累增加有关，导致细胞色素 c 释放、caspase-9/-3 激活和凋亡增强。通过将表阿霉素和紫杉醇与 SG 联合治疗癌细胞可能被证明是增强这两种药物类型疗效的新策略。
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