Nakamura Miyoko, Kolinsky Régine
Lang Speech. 2014 Dec;57(Pt 4):513-43. doi: 10.1177/0023830913508077.
We explored the functional units of speech segmentation in Japanese using dichotic presentation and a detection task requiring no intentional sublexical analysis. Indeed, illusory perception of a target word might result from preattentive migration of phonemes, morae, or syllables from one ear to the other. In Experiment I, Japanese listeners detected targets presented in hiragana and/or kanji. Phoneme migrations did occur, suggesting that orthography-independent sublexical constituents play some role in segmentation. However, syllable and especially mora migrations were more numerous. This pattern of results was not observed in French speakers (Experiment 2), suggesting that it reflects native segmentation in Japanese. To control for the intervention of kanji representations (many words are written in kanji, and one kanji often corresponds to one syllable), in Experiment 3, Japanese listeners were presented with target loanwords that can be written only in katakana. Again, phoneme migrations occurred, while the first mora and syllable led to similar rates of illusory percepts. No migration occurred for the second, "special" mora (/J/ or/N/), probably because this constitutes the latter part of a heavy syllable. Overall, these findings suggest that multiple units, such as morae, syllables, and even phonemes, function independently of orthographic knowledge in Japanese preattentive speech segmentation.
我们使用双耳分听呈现和一项无需刻意进行次词汇分析的检测任务，探究了日语语音分割的功能单元。的确，目标词的错觉感知可能源于音素、拍或音节在注意力前从一只耳朵迁移到另一只耳朵。在实验一中，日本听众检测以平假名和/或汉字呈现的目标。音素迁移确实发生了，这表明独立于正字法的次词汇成分在分割中起到了一定作用。然而，音节尤其是拍的迁移更为频繁。在说法语的听众中未观察到这种结果模式（实验二），这表明它反映了日语中的母语分割。为了控制汉字表征的干扰（许多单词用汉字书写，且一个汉字通常对应一个音节），在实验三中，给日本听众呈现只能用片假名书写的目标外来词。同样，音素迁移发生了，而第一个拍和音节导致错觉感知的比率相似。第二个“特殊”拍（/J/或/N/）没有发生迁移，可能是因为它构成了一个重音节的后半部分。总体而言，这些发现表明，在日语注意力前语音分割中，多个单元，如拍、音节甚至音素，独立于正字法知识发挥作用。
