Gharabaghi Alireza, Naros Georgios, Khademi Fatemeh, Jesser Jessica, Spüler Martin, Walter Armin, Bogdan Martin, Rosenstiel Wolfgang, Birbaumer Niels
Division of Functional and Restorative Neurosurgery and Division of Translational Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany ; Neuroprosthetics Research Group, Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany.
Department of Computer Engineering, Wilhelm-Schickard Institute for Computer Science, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2014 Dec 9;8:429. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00429. eCollection 2014.
Different techniques for neurofeedback of voluntary brain activations are currently being explored for clinical application in brain disorders. One of the most frequently used approaches is the self-regulation of oscillatory signals recorded with electroencephalography (EEG). Many patients are, however, unable to achieve sufficient voluntary control of brain activity. This could be due to the specific anatomical and physiological changes of the patient's brain after the lesion, as well as to methodological issues related to the technique chosen for recording brain signals.
A patient with an extended ischemic lesion of the cortex did not gain volitional control of sensorimotor oscillations when using a standard EEG-based approach. We provided him with neurofeedback of his brain activity from the epidural space by electrocorticography (ECoG).
Ipsilesional epidural recordings of field potentials facilitated self-regulation of brain oscillations in an online closed-loop paradigm and allowed reliable neurofeedback training for a period of 4 weeks.
Epidural implants may decode and train brain activity even when the cortical physiology is distorted following severe brain injury. Such practice would allow for reinforcement learning of preserved neural networks and may well provide restorative tools for those patients who are severely afflicted.
目前正在探索用于自愿性脑激活神经反馈的不同技术，以用于脑部疾病的临床应用。最常用的方法之一是对脑电图（EEG）记录的振荡信号进行自我调节。然而，许多患者无法对脑活动实现足够的自愿控制。这可能是由于病变后患者大脑的特定解剖和生理变化，以及与用于记录脑信号的技术相关的方法学问题。
一名患有广泛性皮质缺血性病变的患者在使用基于标准脑电图的方法时，未能获得对感觉运动振荡的意志控制。我们通过皮质电图（ECoG）从硬膜外空间为他提供脑活动的神经反馈。
在在线闭环范式中，病变同侧硬膜外场电位记录促进了脑振荡的自我调节，并允许进行为期4周的可靠神经反馈训练。
即使在严重脑损伤后皮质生理功能受损时，硬膜外植入物也可能对脑活动进行解码和训练。这种做法将允许对保留的神经网络进行强化学习，并且很可能为那些严重患病的患者提供恢复工具。
