Buttelmann Frances, Suhrke Janina, Buttelmann David
Research Group "Kleinkindforschung in Thueringen", University of Erfurt, D-99089 Erfurt, Germany.
Research Group "Kleinkindforschung in Thueringen", University of Erfurt, D-99089 Erfurt, Germany.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2015 Mar;131:94-103. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2014.11.009. Epub 2014 Dec 24.
Based on recent findings of implicit studies, researchers have claimed that even infants can understand others' false beliefs. However, it is unclear whether infants are able to understand others' belief about an object's identity when this object can be represented in different ways. In a novel interactive unexpected-identity task derived from the appearance-reality paradigm, 18-month-olds helped an adult to achieve her goal based on the adult's belief about an object's identity. To do so, they needed to understand how this adult represented this object--according to its appearance or its real identity--and to generalize these representations to a category of objects. The results suggest that infants' false-belief understanding is as sophisticated as that of preschool children.
基于近期内隐研究的结果，研究人员宣称，甚至婴儿都能理解他人的错误信念。然而，当一个物体可以用不同方式呈现时，婴儿是否能够理解他人对该物体身份的信念尚不清楚。在一项源自表象 - 现实范式的新颖互动意外身份任务中，18个月大的婴儿根据成人对物体身份的信念帮助成人实现其目标。为此，他们需要理解这个成人是如何呈现这个物体的——根据其外观还是真实身份——并将这些呈现方式推广到一类物体上。结果表明，婴儿对错误信念的理解与学龄前儿童一样复杂。
