Mavhandu-Mudzusi A H, Sandy P T
Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Int Nurs Rev. 2015 Jun;62(2):196-202. doi: 10.1111/inr.12163. Epub 2014 Dec 29.
The study was carried out in a single township in South Africa with a sample size of seven human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-serodiscordant couples.
South Africa has the highest number of HIV cases in the world, with an estimated 6.4 million of its inhabitants living with this infection. Most people in stable relationships are unaware of the HIV serostatuses of their partners. Many people with an HIV partner are also generally unaware of their own HIV serostatuses. There is a high risk of acquisition of the HIV among couples in HIV-serodiscordant relationships. Yet, there is a dearth of research on HIV-serodiscordant couples.
To explore the experiences and knowledge of HIV-serodiscordant couples on HIV serodiscordance.
A qualitative design of interpretative phenomenological analysis was used. Data were collected from seven HIV-serodiscordant couples using a semi-structured interview format. Data were analysed thematically using the principles of interpretative phenomenological analysis.
Three superordinate themes emerged from data analysis: experiences of stress, effects of HIV serodiscordance on couples and knowledge of HIV serodiscordance. The study outcomes were based on retrospective accounts of couples' experiences of HIV serodiscordance. Such accounts are subject to memory bias.
HIV-serodiscordant relationships are riddled with stress. Couples and nurses' knowledge and understanding of the concept of HIV serodiscordance is limited. Such limitation may negatively influence the quality of care and support offered to couples in these relationships.
HIV-serodiscordant couples need to be educated on this phenomenon. Nurses also need to be offered training on how to support and care for couples in these relationships. Such training should be shaped by couples' health-seeking behaviours and cultural norms. Specific guidelines and policy on HIV serodiscordance should be developed to ensure consistency in care provision and enhance uptake of support services.
该研究在南非的一个乡镇开展，样本为7对人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）血清学不一致的夫妻。
南非是世界上HIV病例数最多的国家，估计有640万居民感染这种病毒。大多数处于稳定关系中的人并不知晓其伴侣的HIV血清学状态。许多有HIV感染伴侣的人通常也不清楚自己的HIV血清学状态。在HIV血清学不一致的夫妻中，感染HIV的风险很高。然而，关于HIV血清学不一致夫妻的研究却很匮乏。
探讨HIV血清学不一致夫妻对HIV血清学不一致的经历和认知。
采用解释性现象学分析的质性设计。通过半结构化访谈形式从7对HIV血清学不一致的夫妻中收集数据。运用解释性现象学分析的原则对数据进行主题分析。
数据分析得出三个上位主题：压力经历、HIV血清学不一致对夫妻的影响以及对HIV血清学不一致的认知。该研究结果基于夫妻对HIV血清学不一致经历的回顾性叙述。此类叙述容易受到记忆偏差的影响。
HIV血清学不一致的关系充满压力。夫妻以及护士对HIV血清学不一致概念的认知和理解有限。这种局限性可能会对为处于这些关系中的夫妻提供的护理和支持质量产生负面影响。
需要对HIV血清学不一致的夫妻进行关于这一现象的教育。还需要为护士提供如何支持和护理处于这些关系中的夫妻的培训。此类培训应根据夫妻的求医行为和文化规范来制定。应制定关于HIV血清学不一致的具体指南和政策，以确保护理服务的一致性并提高支持服务的利用率。
