Ulens T, Demeyer P, Ampe B, Van Langenhove H, Millet S
J Anim Sci. 2015 Feb;93(2):627-36. doi: 10.2527/jas.2014-8362.
This study evaluated the effect of feed form and grinding intensity of the pig diet and the interaction between both on the particulate matter (PM) concentrations inside a pig nursery and the growth performances of weanling pigs. Four diets were compared: finely ground meal, coarsely ground meal, finely ground pellets, and coarsely ground pellets. Four weaning rounds with 144 pigs per weaning round, divided over 4 identical compartments, were monitored. Within each weaning round, each compartment was randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments. A hammer mill with a screen of 1.5 or 6 mm was used to grind the ingredients of the finely ground and coarsely ground feeds, respectively. Indoor concentrations of the following PM fractions were measured: PM that passes through a size-selective inlet with a 50 % efficiency cutoff at 10 (PM10) , 2.5 (PM2.5), or 1 (PM1) μm aerodynamic diameter, respectively (USEPA, 2004). Feeding pelleted diets instead of meal diets gave rise to higher PM10 (P < 0.001), PM2.5 (P < 0.001), and PM1 (P < 0.001) concentrations. Grinding intensity had an effect only on PM10 (P < 0.05) concentrations. No interaction between feed form and grinding intensity was found for any of the PM fractions. Interactions (P < 0.05) between feed form and grinding intensity on ADFI and ADG were found. Grinding intensity had an effect only on the meal diets with higher ADFI for the coarsely ground meal. Pigs fed the finely ground meal had a lower (P < 0.001) ADG than the other 3 diets. Feed efficiency was influenced only by the feed form (P < 0.001) and not by the grinding intensity. Pelleting the feed gave rise to a higher G:F. In conclusion, a contradiction between environmental concerns and performance results was found. Feeding pelleted diets to the piglets improved growth performance but also increased indoor PM concentrations.
本研究评估了猪日粮的饲料形态和粉碎强度以及二者之间的相互作用对仔猪保育舍内颗粒物（PM）浓度和断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。比较了四种日粮：细磨粉料、粗磨粉料、细磨颗粒料和粗磨颗粒料。监测了四轮断奶，每轮断奶144头猪，分为4个相同的隔间。在每轮断奶中，每个隔间随机分配到4种处理中的1种。分别使用筛网孔径为1.5或6毫米的锤片式粉碎机对细磨和粗磨饲料的原料进行粉碎。测量了室内以下PM组分的浓度：分别通过粒径选择入口、空气动力学直径为10（PM10）、2.5（PM2.5）或1（PM1）μm且截留效率为50%的PM（美国环境保护局，2004年）。饲喂颗粒料而非粉料会导致更高的PM10（P<0.001）、PM2.5（P<0.001）和PM1（P<0.001）浓度。粉碎强度仅对PM10（P<0.05）浓度有影响。对于任何PM组分，均未发现饲料形态和粉碎强度之间存在相互作用。发现饲料形态和粉碎强度对ADFI和ADG存在相互作用（P<0.05）。粉碎强度仅对粗磨粉料的ADFI较高的粉料日粮有影响。饲喂细磨粉料的猪的ADG低于其他三种日粮（P<0.001）。饲料效率仅受饲料形态（P<0.001）影响，不受粉碎强度影响。饲料制粒可提高料重比。总之，发现环境问题与性能结果之间存在矛盾。给仔猪饲喂颗粒料可提高生长性能，但也会增加室内PM浓度。
