Kusrini Mirza D, Rowley Jodi J L, Khairunnisa Luna R, Shea Glenn M, Altig Ronald
Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
PLoS One. 2015 Jan 2;10(1):e116154. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116154. eCollection 2015.
Most of the reproductive modes of frogs include an exotrophic tadpole, but a number of taxa have some form of endotrophic development that lacks a feeding tadpole stage. The dicroglossid frog genus Limnonectes ranges from China south into Indonesia. The breeding biologies of the approximately 60 described species display an unusual diversity that range from exotrophic tadpoles to endotrophic development in terrestrial nests. There have been mentions of oviductal production of typical, exotrophic tadpoles in an undescribed species of Limnonectes from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Here we examine newly collected specimens of this species, now described as L. larvaepartus and present the first substantial report on this unique breeding mode. Typical exotrophic tadpoles that are retained to an advanced developmental stage in the oviducts of a female frog are birthed into slow-flowing streams or small, non-flowing pools adjacent to the streams.
大多数蛙类的繁殖方式包括有外源性营养的蝌蚪阶段，但有一些类群具有某种形式的内源性营养发育，即没有摄食的蝌蚪阶段。叉舌蛙属的林蛙分布于中国南部至印度尼西亚。已描述的约60个物种的繁殖生物学表现出异常的多样性，从外源性营养的蝌蚪到在陆地上巢穴中的内源性营养发育。曾有报道称，在印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛一种未描述的林蛙物种中，输卵管会产出典型的、外源性营养的蝌蚪。在此，我们研究了新采集的该物种标本，现该物种被描述为产幼蛙林蛙，并首次对这种独特的繁殖方式进行了详细报道。典型的外源性营养蝌蚪在雌蛙输卵管内发育到晚期阶段后，会被产出到水流缓慢的溪流或溪流附近的小型、无水流的水塘中。
