Schweikardt Christoph
Bull Hist Med. 2014 Winter;88(4):697-726. doi: 10.1353/bhm.2014.0079.
This article analyzes the relevance of autopsy issues for German Federal Republic transplantation legislation until 1997 against the background of legal traditions and the distribution of constitutional legislative powers. It is based on Federal Ministry of Justice records and German Parliament documents on transplantation legislation. Transplantation and autopsy legislation started with close ties in the 1970s. Viewing transplantation legislation as relevant for future autopsy regulation contributed to the decision to stall transplantation legislation, because the interests of the federal government and the medical profession converged to avoid subsequent restrictions on the practice of conducting autopsies and procuring tissues for transplantation. Sublegal norms were insufficient for the prosecution of the organ trade and area-wide transplantation regulation after the reunification of Germany. In contrast to autopsy issues, legislative power for transplantation issues was extended to the federal level by an amendment to the constitution, allowing decision making for Germany as a whole.
本文结合法律传统以及宪法立法权的分配情况，分析了直至1997年德国联邦共和国移植立法中尸检问题的相关性。它基于联邦司法部关于移植立法的记录以及德国议会文件。移植立法与尸检立法在20世纪70年代初期联系紧密。将移植立法视为对未来尸检监管具有相关性，这导致了移植立法停滞的决定，因为联邦政府和医学界的利益趋同，以避免随后对尸检操作和获取移植组织的限制。在德国统一后，次法律规范不足以用于打击器官交易和进行全区域的移植监管。与尸检问题不同，通过宪法修正案，移植问题的立法权被扩展到联邦层面，从而能够为整个德国做出决策。
