Binu V S, Mayya Shreemathi S, Dhar Murali
Department of Statistics, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Department of Population Policies and Programmes, International Institute for Population Sciences, Deonar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Ayu. 2014 Apr;35(2):119-23. doi: 10.4103/0974-8520.146202.
A health science researcher may sometimes wonder "why statistical methods are so important in research?" Simple answer is that, statistical methods are used throughout a study that includes planning, designing, collecting data, analyzing and drawing meaningful interpretation and report the findings. Hence, it is important that a researcher knows the concepts of at least basic statistical methods used at various stages of a research study. This helps the researcher in the conduct of an appropriately well-designed study leading to valid and reliable results that can be generalized to the population. A well-designed study possesses fewer biases, which intern gives precise, valid and reliable results. There are many statistical methods and tests that are used at various stages of a research. In this communication, we discuss the overall importance of statistical considerations in medical research with the main emphasis on estimating minimum sample size for different study objectives.
“为什么统计方法在研究中如此重要？”简单的答案是，统计方法贯穿于一项研究的始终，包括规划、设计、收集数据、分析以及得出有意义的解释并报告研究结果。因此，研究人员了解研究各个阶段至少基本统计方法的概念很重要。这有助于研究人员进行设计合理的研究，从而得出可推广至总体的有效且可靠的结果。设计良好的研究偏差较少，进而能得出精确、有效且可靠的结果。在研究的各个阶段会使用许多统计方法和检验。在本交流中，我们将讨论医学研究中统计考量的总体重要性，主要重点是针对不同研究目标估计最小样本量。
