Lloyd-Fox Sarah, Richards John E, Blasi Anna, Murphy Declan G M, Elwell Clare E, Johnson Mark H
Birkbeck, University of London, Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom.
University of South Carolina, Institute for Mind and Brain, Department of Psychology, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States.
Neurophotonics. 2014 Oct;1(2):025006. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.1.2.025006.
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is becoming a popular tool in developmental neuroscience for mapping functional localized brain responses. However, as it cannot provide information about underlying anatomy, researchers have begun to conduct spatial registration of fNIRS channels to cortical anatomy in adults. The current work investigated this issue with infants by coregistering fNIRS and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 55 individuals. Our findings suggest that fNIRS channels can be reliably registered with regions in the frontal and temporal cortex of infants from 4 to 7 months of age. Although some macro-anatomical regions are difficult to consistently define, others are more stable and fNIRS channels on an age-appropriate MRI template are often consistent with individual infant MRIs. We have generated a standardized scalp surface map of fNIRS channel locators to reliably locate cortical regions for fNIRS developmental researchers. This new map can be used to identify the inferior frontal gyrus, superior temporal sulcus (STS) region [which includes the superior and middle temporal gyri (MTG) nearest to the STS], and MTG and temporal-parietal regions in 4- to 7-month-old infants. Future work will model data for the whole head, taking into account the properties of light transport in tissue, and expanding to different ages across development.
功能近红外光谱技术（fNIRS）正成为发展神经科学中用于绘制功能性局部脑反应的一种流行工具。然而，由于它无法提供有关潜在解剖结构的信息，研究人员已开始在成人中对fNIRS通道与皮质解剖结构进行空间配准。当前的研究通过对55名个体的fNIRS和磁共振成像（MRI）数据进行配准，对婴儿的这一问题展开了调查。我们的研究结果表明，fNIRS通道能够可靠地与4至7个月大婴儿额叶和颞叶皮质的区域进行配准。尽管一些宏观解剖区域难以始终如一地界定，但其他区域则更为稳定，并且在适合年龄的MRI模板上的fNIRS通道通常与个体婴儿的MRI一致。我们已经生成了fNIRS通道定位器的标准化头皮表面图谱，以便为fNIRS发育研究人员可靠地定位皮质区域。这一新图谱可用于识别4至7个月大婴儿的额下回、颞上沟（STS）区域[其中包括最靠近STS的颞上回和颞中回（MTG）]以及MTG和颞顶区域。未来的工作将对整个头部的数据进行建模，同时考虑组织中光传输的特性，并扩展到不同发育阶段的不同年龄。
