Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Fatih University, Ankara, Turkey.
Turk J Med Sci. 2014;44(1):133-6. doi: 10.3906/sag-1301-58.
Epistaxis is a common emergency in otolaryngology. The aim of this study is to analyze the etiology, management, and accompanying disorders of epistaxis in geriatric patients by reviewing the literature
Data of 117 patients 65 years old and older who presented to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology with active epistaxis between 2004 and 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Records were evaluated for age, sex, accompanying disorders, drug medication, detailed otorhinolaryngological findings, and management of epistaxis.
There were 67 women (57.26%) and 50 men (42.74%) with a mean age of 73.51 years (range: 65-90). Ninety-four (80.34%) patients had accompanying disorders such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, sinusitis, chronic obstructive lung disease, nasal polyp, and drug treatment. The bleeding site was anterior in 90 patients (76.92%) and posterior in 16 (13.67%). In 11 patients (9.4%), the bleeding site was not identified. Fifty-seven patients (48.71%) were treated with cauterization, 17 patients (14.52%) with nasal packing, 12 patients (10.25%) with medical treatment, 1 patient (0.85%) with mass excision and nasal packing, and 19 patients (16.23%) with more than 1 treatment method. Six patients (5.12%) were untreated because of the unidentified bleeding point. Bleeding control was performed under local anesthesia in 113 patients (96.58%) and under general anesthesia in 4 patients (3.41%). Twenty-one patients (17.94%) were hospitalized and 3 patients (2.56%) required a blood transfusion.
Epistaxis is the most common otorhinolaryngological emergency. It must be evaluated carefully to avoid the potential complications resulting from both epistaxis and its associated disorders, especially in geriatric patients.
鼻出血是耳鼻喉科的常见急症。本研究旨在通过文献回顾分析老年患者鼻出血的病因、处理方法和伴随疾病。
回顾性分析 2004 年至 2010 年间耳鼻喉科就诊的 117 例年龄在 65 岁及以上的有活动性鼻出血的患者资料。评估记录包括年龄、性别、伴随疾病、药物治疗、详细的耳鼻喉科检查结果以及鼻出血的处理。
女性 67 例（57.26%），男性 50 例（42.74%），平均年龄 73.51 岁（65-90 岁）。94 例（80.34%）患者伴有高血压、糖尿病、脑血管病、鼻窦炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、鼻息肉和药物治疗等伴随疾病。90 例（76.92%）患者出血部位在前，16 例（13.67%）患者出血部位在后。11 例（9.4%）患者出血部位未确定。57 例（48.71%）患者接受了烧灼治疗，17 例（14.52%）患者接受了鼻腔填塞，12 例（10.25%）患者接受了药物治疗，1 例（0.85%）患者接受了肿块切除和鼻腔填塞，19 例（16.23%）患者接受了多种治疗方法。6 例（5.12%）患者因未确定出血点而未治疗。113 例（96.58%）患者在局部麻醉下进行了止血，4 例（3.41%）患者在全身麻醉下进行了止血。21 例（17.94%）患者住院治疗，3 例（2.56%）患者需要输血。
鼻出血是耳鼻喉科最常见的急症。必须仔细评估，以避免因鼻出血及其伴随疾病引起的潜在并发症，特别是在老年患者中。
