Hogan Anthony, Phillips Rebecca L, Brumby Susan A, Williams Warwick, Mercer-Grant Catherine
a Institute for Governance and Policy Analysis, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory , Australia .
b School of Medicine, Deakin University , Victoria , Australia .
Disabil Rehabil. 2015;37(22):2070-5. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2014.996675. Epub 2015 Jan 6.
The objectives of this paper are as follows: (1) propose an explanatory model as to how hearing disability may impact on health and (2) examine the model's utility.
Data were collected on the psycho-social wellbeing, disability and physical health of farmers (n = 56) participating in an intervention to manage the social impacts of hearing disability. Two models were proposed and examined using multiple hierarchical linear regression. Model 1 used self-rated quality of life and model 2 used capacity to manage hearing and listening impairments, as dependent variables.
The analyses found that physical measures of hearing impairment (audiograms) were not correlated with physical or mental health outcomes. However, in model 1, self-confidence and self-rated ability to manage hearing impairment were most closely associated with reduced quality of life (anxiety and diastolic blood pressure were positively associated with quality of life). In model 2, higher anxiety and reduced self-confidence were associated with decreasing ability to successfully manage one's hearing impairment.
The findings support the explanatory model that stress is higher and wellbeing lower when the fit between the person's coping capacity and environmental demands is poor.
This paper demonstrates that anxiety is associated with coping with the psycho-social aspects of hearing disability. This finding has important implications for the many hearing services, which only provide assessment and devices. To negate anxiety and its long-term impacts, rehabilitation providers need to ensure people with hearing disability have the capacity to manage the psycho-social aspects of communication breakdown.
本文的目标如下：（1）提出一个关于听力残疾如何影响健康的解释模型；（2）检验该模型的效用。
收集了参与一项旨在应对听力残疾社会影响干预措施的农民（n = 56）的心理社会幸福感、残疾状况和身体健康数据。提出了两个模型，并使用多重分层线性回归进行检验。模型1使用自评生活质量，模型2使用应对听力和听力障碍的能力作为因变量。
分析发现听力障碍的物理测量指标（听力图）与身心健康结果无关。然而，在模型1中，自信心和自评应对听力障碍的能力与生活质量下降关系最为密切（焦虑和舒张压与生活质量呈正相关）。在模型2中，较高的焦虑和较低的自信心与成功应对听力障碍的能力下降有关。
研究结果支持了这样一种解释模型，即当个人应对能力与环境需求之间的匹配度较差时，压力会更高，幸福感会更低。
本文表明焦虑与应对听力残疾的心理社会方面有关。这一发现对许多仅提供评估和设备的听力服务具有重要意义。为了消除焦虑及其长期影响，康复服务提供者需要确保听力残疾者有能力应对沟通障碍的心理社会方面。
