Bailey Michael M, Kinnison Michael T
School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine Orono, ME, USA.
Evol Appl. 2010 Jul;3(4):352-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00126.x. Epub 2010 Apr 6.
Preservation of adaptive variation is a top priority of many species restoration programs, but most restoration activities are conducted without direct knowledge of selection that might foster or impair adaptation and restoration goals. In this study, we quantified geographic variation in selection on fry size of endangered Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during the 6-week period immediately following stocking in the wild. We also used a model selection approach to assess whether habitat variables influence patterns of such selection. We found evidence for significant size-selection in five out of six selection trials. Interestingly, the strength and pattern of selection varied extensively among sites, and model selection suggested that this variation in phenotypic selection was related to geographic variation in the presence of large woody debris and the slope of the stream gradient. The strong selection differentials we observed should be a concern for endangered salmon restoration, whether they reflect natural processes and an opportunity to maintain adaptation, or an indicator of the potentially deleterious phenotypic consequences of hatchery practices.
保留适应性变异是许多物种恢复计划的首要任务，但大多数恢复活动在开展时并未直接了解可能促进或损害适应及恢复目标的选择情况。在本研究中，我们对濒危的大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）鱼苗放归野外后的6周内，其鱼苗大小选择的地理变异进行了量化。我们还采用了模型选择方法来评估栖息地变量是否会影响这种选择模式。我们在六次选择试验中的五次中发现了显著的大小选择证据。有趣的是，选择的强度和模式在不同地点之间差异很大，模型选择表明表型选择的这种差异与大型木质碎屑的存在以及溪流坡度的地理变异有关。我们观察到的强烈选择差异应引起濒危鲑鱼恢复工作的关注，无论它们反映的是自然过程以及维持适应性的机会，还是孵化场实践可能产生的有害表型后果的指标。
