Cardoso Sara D, Teles Magda C, Oliveira Rui F
ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Avenida Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Avenida Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
J Exp Biol. 2015 Jan 1;218(Pt 1):140-9. doi: 10.1242/jeb.106997.
Group-living animals must adjust the expression of their social behaviour to changes in their social environment and to transitions between life-history stages, and this social plasticity can be seen as an adaptive trait that can be under positive selection when changes in the environment outpace the rate of genetic evolutionary change. Here, we propose a conceptual framework for understanding the neuromolecular mechanisms of social plasticity. According to this framework, social plasticity is achieved by rewiring or by biochemically switching nodes of a neural network underlying social behaviour in response to perceived social information. Therefore, at the molecular level, it depends on the social regulation of gene expression, so that different genomic and epigenetic states of this brain network correspond to different behavioural states, and the switches between states are orchestrated by signalling pathways that interface the social environment and the genotype. Different types of social plasticity can be recognized based on the observed patterns of inter- versus intra-individual occurrence, time scale and reversibility. It is proposed that these different types of social plasticity rely on different proximate mechanisms at the physiological, neural and genomic level.
群居动物必须根据其社会环境的变化以及生活史阶段之间的转变来调整其社会行为的表达，这种社会可塑性可被视为一种适应性特征，当环境变化速度超过基因进化变化速度时，它可能会受到正向选择。在此，我们提出一个概念框架，用于理解社会可塑性的神经分子机制。根据这个框架，社会可塑性是通过重新布线或响应感知到的社会信息对社会行为背后神经网络的节点进行生化切换来实现的。因此，在分子水平上，它依赖于基因表达的社会调节，使得这个脑网络的不同基因组和表观遗传状态对应不同的行为状态，而状态之间的切换由连接社会环境和基因型的信号通路精心安排。基于个体间与个体内发生模式、时间尺度和可逆性的观察结果，可以识别出不同类型的社会可塑性。有人提出，这些不同类型的社会可塑性在生理、神经和基因组水平上依赖于不同的近端机制。
