Eliason Michele J, Fogel Sarah C
a Department of Health Education , San Francisco State University , San Francisco , California , USA.
J Homosex. 2015;62(7):845-82. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2014.1003007. Epub 2015 Jan 8.
In recent years, many studies have focused on the body of sexual minority women, particularly emphasizing their larger size. These studies rarely offer theoretically based explanations for the increased weight, nor study the potential consequences (or lack thereof) of being heavier. This article provides a brief overview of the multitude of factors that might cause or contribute to larger size of sexual minority women, using an ecological framework that elucidates upstream social determinants of health as well as individual risk factors. This model is infused with a minority stress model, which hypothesizes excess strain resulting from the stigma associated with oppressed minority identities such as woman, lesbian, bisexual, woman of color, and others. We argue that lack of attention to the upstream social determinants of health may result in individual-level victim blaming and interventions that do not address the root causes of minority stress or increased weight.
近年来，许多研究聚焦于性少数群体女性的身体状况，尤其强调她们体型较大。这些研究很少从理论角度解释体重增加的原因，也未探究体重较重可能产生的后果（或不存在的后果）。本文运用一个生态框架，简要概述了可能导致或促成性少数群体女性体型较大的诸多因素，该框架阐明了健康的上游社会决定因素以及个体风险因素。这个模型融入了少数群体压力模型，该模型假设，诸如女性、女同性恋者、双性恋者、有色人种女性等受压迫少数群体身份所带来的耻辱感会导致过度压力。我们认为，对健康的上游社会决定因素缺乏关注，可能导致在个体层面上指责受害者，以及采取无法解决少数群体压力或体重增加根本原因的干预措施。
