Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) and the Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Environ Sci Technol. 2015 Feb 17;49(4):2038-43. doi: 10.1021/es503855e. Epub 2015 Jan 28.
Thick haze plagued northeastern China in January 2013, strongly affecting both regional climate and human respiratory health. Here, we present dual carbon isotope constrained (Δ(14)C and δ(13)C) source apportionment for combustion-derived black carbon aerosol (BC) for three key hotspot regions (megacities): North China Plain (NCP, Beijing), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD, Shanghai), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD, Guangzhou) for January 2013. BC, here quantified as elemental carbon (EC), is one of the most health-detrimental components of PM2.5 and a strong climate warming agent. The results show that these severe haze events were equally affected (∼ 30%) by biomass combustion in all three regions, whereas the sources of the dominant fossil fuel component was dramatically different between north and south. In the NCP region, coal combustion accounted for 66% (46-74%, 95% C.I.) of the EC, whereas, in the YRD and PRD regions, liquid fossil fuel combustion (e.g., traffic) stood for 46% (18-66%) and 58% (38-68%), respectively. Taken together, these findings suggest the need for a regionally-specific description of BC sources in climate models and regionally-tailored mitigation to combat severe air pollution events in East Asia.
2013 年 1 月，浓重雾霾笼罩中国东北地区，强烈影响区域气候和人类呼吸健康。本研究中，我们对三个关键热点地区（特大城市）：华北平原（北京）、长江三角洲（上海）和珠江三角洲（广州）2013 年 1 月燃烧源黑碳气溶胶（BC）进行双碳同位素约束（Δ¹⁴C 和 δ¹³C）源解析。BC 在这里被定量为元素碳（EC），是 PM2.5 中对健康危害最大的成分之一，也是强气候变暖剂。结果表明，这些严重的雾霾事件在所有三个地区同样受到生物质燃烧的影响（约 30%），而主要化石燃料成分的来源在南北之间有显著差异。在华北地区，煤炭燃烧占 EC 的 66%（46-74%，95%置信区间），而在长江三角洲和珠江三角洲地区，液体化石燃料燃烧（如交通）分别占 46%（18-66%）和 58%（38-68%）。总之，这些发现表明，需要在气候模型中对 BC 来源进行区域特定描述，并采取有针对性的区域性缓解措施，以应对东亚地区严重的空气污染事件。
