Association and causation in epidemiology - half a century since the publication of Bradford Hill's interpretational guidance.
作者信息
Wakeford Richard
机构信息
Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Institute of Population Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
出版信息
J R Soc Med. 2015 Jan;108(1):4-6. doi: 10.1177/0141076814562713.
Abstract
摘要
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J R Soc Med. 2015 Jan;108(1):4-6. doi: 10.1177/0141076814562713.
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Compared to what? Finding controls for case-control studies.与什么相比？病例对照研究中对照的选取。
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Proof of causality: deduction from epidemiological observation.因果关系的证明：从流行病学观察中推导得出。
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Epidemiology faces its limits.流行病学面临着其局限性。
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Sir Austin Bradford Hill and the progress of medical science.奥斯汀·布拉德福德·希尔爵士与医学科学的进步。
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