Cellule de l'institut de veille sanitaire en région océan Indien, 2 bis, avenue Georges-Brassens, CS61002, 97743 Saint-Denis cedex 9, Île de la Réunion.
Laboratoire de virologie, CHU site Nord, 97405 Saint-Denis, Île de la Réunion.
Med Mal Infect. 2015 Jan-Feb;45(1-2):21-8. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2014.11.004. Epub 2015 Jan 6.
The surveillance of infectious diseases in Reunion Island is based on a sentinel network of family physicians (FPs) coordinated by the Indian Ocean regional institute for public health surveillance (French acronym OI Cire). The objectives are to identify and monitor outbreaks of influenza, gastroenteritis, and chicken pox, and to characterize circulating influenza viruses. The network can monitor other potentially epidemic diseases.
The Réunion sentinel network ensures a continuous and permanent surveillance. Physicians send their weekly activity data to the Cire that collects, processes, and interprets it; they also collect samples for biological surveillance of influenza. Statistical thresholds, based on historical data and the estimated numbers of incident cases, are calculated to follow the trend, detect outbreaks, and quantify their impact.
The network currently includes 56 FPs and pediatricians, accounting for 6.5% of FPs on the island. The network has clarified the seasonality of influenza during the austral winter and identified the seasonality of acute diarrhea with an epidemic peak when school starts in August. The sentinel FPs's reports allowed monitoring the epidemic trend and estimating the number of cases during the 2005 and 2006 chikungunya outbreaks and 2009 influenza A (H1N1) outbreaks.
The network has proven its contribution, responsiveness, and reliability for epidemiological surveillance during outbreak. It is an essential tool for infectious diseases surveillance in Reunion Island.
留尼汪岛传染病监测依托于一个由印度洋公共卫生监测区域研究所（OI Cire，法语缩写）协调的家庭医生（FPs）监测网络。其目的是识别和监测流感、肠胃炎和水痘的爆发情况，并对流行的流感病毒进行特征描述。该网络还可以监测其他可能流行的疾病。
留尼汪监测网络确保了持续和永久的监测。医生每周将其活动数据发送给 Cire，后者负责收集、处理和解释这些数据；他们还收集流感的生物监测样本。基于历史数据和估计的病例数，计算统计阈值，以跟踪趋势、检测爆发并量化其影响。
该网络目前包括 56 名家庭医生和儿科医生，占该岛家庭医生的 6.5%。该网络阐明了南半球冬季流感的季节性，并确定了急性腹泻的季节性，其流行高峰出现在 8 月学校开学时。哨点医生的报告有助于监测流行趋势，并估计 2005 年和 2006 年基孔肯雅热以及 2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感爆发期间的病例数。
该网络已证明其在爆发期间的流行病学监测中的贡献、响应能力和可靠性。它是留尼汪岛传染病监测的重要工具。
